أعرنيlend me النجمthe star أوهبor give ليto me يراعاa reed pen
أعرني النجم أوهب لي يراعا
يزيدraises الرافعيينthe Rafi‘is ارتفاعاin elevation
يزيد الرافعيين ارتفاعا
Lend me the star, or give me a reed pen
Grant me a star, bestow upon me a shepherd,
that raises the Rafi‘is higher still.
Who raises the elevators higher,
مكانthe station of الشمسthe sun أضوأmore radiant أنto يُحلىbe adorned
مكان الشمس أضوأ أن يُحلى
وأنبهand more renowned فيamong البريةhumankind أنto يذاعاbe proclaimed
وأنبه في البرية أن يذاعا
The sun's station is too radiant to be adorned,
Where the sun is brighter than jewels,
and too renowned among humankind to need proclaiming.
And more renowned in the wilderness than broadcasts,
بنوthe sons of الشرقthe East الكرامthe noble الوارثوهwho inherit from it
بنو الشرق الكرام الوارثوه
خلالthe qualities of البرrighteousness والشرفand honor اليَفاعاlofty
خلال البر والشرف اليَفاعا
The noble sons of the East inherit from it
The generous people of the East, the noble heirs,
the qualities of righteousness and lofty honor.
With honor and nobility more widespread,
تأملcontemplate شمسهمtheir sun ومدىand the reach of ضحاهاits morning light
تأمل شمسهم ومدى ضحاها
تجدyou will find فيin كلevery ناحيةdirection شعاعاa ray
تجد في كل ناحية شعاعا
Contemplate their sun and the reach of its morning light;
Contemplate their sun and the extent of its brightness,
you will find a ray in every direction.
You will find in every direction a ray,
قدindeed اقتسمواthey shared out ممالكهits realms فكانتso they became
قد اقتسموا ممالكه فكانت
لهمfor them وطناa homeland منof الفصحىeloquent Arabic مشاعاshared
لهم وطنا من الفصحى مشاعا
They have shared out its realms, which became
They divided kingdoms among themselves, so it was
for them a shared homeland of eloquent Arabic.
For them a homeland of eloquence shared,
همthey زادواincreased القضاءjustice جمالthe beauty of وجهa face
هم زادوا القضاء جمال وجه
وازدواand bestowed غُرةthe bright brow of الفتياlegal rulings ألتماعاradiance
وازدوا غُرة الفتيا ألتماعا
They added beauty to the face of justice,
They increased the beauty of governance and the charm of its face,
and bestowed radiance on the bright brow of legal rulings.
And increased the zeal of youth and its sociability,
أبواthey refused فيin محنةthe ordeal of الأخلاقmorals إلاanything but
أبوا في محنة الأخلاق إلا
لياذاrefuge فيin العقيدةfaith وأمتناعاand protection
لياذا في العقيدة وأمتناعا
Amid the ordeal of morals, they refused all but
They refused in the adversity of morals
refuge in faith and protection.
Except for faith and steadfastness,
أوواthey took refuge شيباgray-haired وشباناand young إليهاin it
أووا شيبا وشبانا إليها
تخالهمyou would think them الصحابةthe Companions والتِّباعاand the followers
تخالهم الصحابة والتِّباعا
Gray-haired and young, they took refuge in it;
They harbored old and young towards it
you would think them the Companions and their followers.
You would think them the companions and followers,
إذاwhen أُسدlions of الثرىthe earth شبعتwere sated فعفتand then abstained
إذا أُسد الثرى شبعت فعفت
رأيتyou saw شبابهمtheir young men عفّواabstained جياعاwhile hungry
رأيت شبابهم عفّوا جياعا
When earth's lions are sated and then abstain,
When the earth is satiated yet restrained
you see their young men abstaining while hungry.
You see their youth graciously famished,
فلمand did not ترsee مصرEgypt أصدقmore truthful منthan أمينAmin
فلم تر مصر أصدق من أمين
ولاnor أفوىstronger (apparent typo) إذاwhen ريعتshe was alarmed دفاعاin defense
ولا أفوى إذا ريعت دفاعا
Egypt has seen none more truthful than Amin,
So you have not seen Egypt more truthful than the trusted
nor stronger in her defense when she is alarmed.
Nor more insightful when called upon for help
فتىa young man لمnot يعطgave مِقودهhis reins زماناto an age
فتى لم يعط مِقوده زمانا
شرىthat bought الاحرارَfree men بالدنياwith worldly goods وباعاand sold
شرى الاحرارَ بالدنيا وباعا
A young man who never handed his reins to an age
A young man who did not give his bridle to fate
that bought and sold free men for worldly gain.
Bought the free with the world and sold them,
عظيمnoble فيin الخصومةdispute ماnever تجنىwronged anyone
عظيم في الخصومة ما تجنى
ولاnor ركبresorted to السبابverbal abuse ولاnor القذاعاobscenity
ولا ركب السباب ولا القذاعا
Noble in dispute, he never wronged anyone,
Great in litigation, he does not incur injustice,
nor resorted to abuse or obscenity.
Nor rode vilification or profanity.
تمرّسhe became practiced بالنضالin struggle فلستso you are not تدرىable to tell
تمرّس بالنضال فلست تدرى
أأقلاماwhether pens تناولhe took up أمor نباعاbows of nab‘ wood
أأقلاما تناول أم نباعا
He was so practiced in struggle that you cannot tell
Hardened by struggle, you cannot tell
whether he took up pens or bows of nab‘ wood.
If pens he wielded or fangs bared,
ويابنand O son of السابقthe forerunner المزرىwho outshines أرتجالاin improvisation
ويابن السابق المزرى أرتجالا
بروّاضcompared with the tamers of القصائدodes وابتداعاand in invention
بروّاض القصائد وابتداعا
And O son of the forerunner, who outdoes, in improvisation,
And O son of the swift, the cultivated improviser,
the tamers of odes, and in invention too!
With meadows of poems and innovation,
أماis it not يكفىenough for أباكyour father السبقprecedence حتىthat
أما يكفى أباك السبق حتى
أتىhe brought forth بكyou أطولthe longest of الشعراءthe poets باعاin reach
أتى بك أطول الشعراء باعا
Was first place not enough for your father, that
Does not your father's precedence suffice
he brought you forth, the poet of the longest reach?
That he brought you, the longest of poets, extended?
شداsang الحادىthe camel-driver بشعركwith your verse فيin الفيافيthe wildernesses
شدا الحادى بشعرك في الفيافي
وحركتand set moving الرعاةthe shepherds بهwith it اليراعاthe reed pipes
وحركت الرعاة به اليراعا
The camel-driver sang your verse in the wilderness,
The passionate were captivated by your poetry in the meadows
and shepherds set their reed pipes playing to it.
And stirred the shepherds with it to pasture,
وفاتand outstripped الطيرthe birds ألفاظاin words فحامتso they circled
وفات الطير ألفاظا فحامت
علىover المعنىthe meaning فصاغتهso they fashioned it صناعاskillfully
على المعنى فصاغته صناعا
It outstripped the birds in words, so they circled
The birds missed words and hovered
over its meaning and skillfully fashioned it.
Over the meaning, crafting it artfully,
إذاwhen حضرcame to البلابَلthe nightingales فيهin it لحنٌa melody
إذا حضر البلابَل فيه لحنٌ
تبادرتhastened الحمامthe doves لهto it استماعاto listen
تبادرت الحمام له استماعا
When a melody within it comes to the nightingales,
Whenever the nightingales are in it, a melody stirs
the doves hasten to listen to it.
The doves to listen attentively,
مشىwalked لُبنانLebanon فيin عرسthe wedding of القوافيrhymes
مشى لُبنان في عرس القوافي
وأقبلand came forth ربوةواختالas a hill and strutted قاعاas a plain
وأقبل ربوةواختال قاعا
Lebanon walked in the wedding of rhymes,
Lebanon walked in the wedding of rhymes
and came forth as a hill and strutted as a plain.
And a hill came forward and posed majestically,
وهزand shook المنكبينboth shoulders لمهرجانfor a festival
وهز المنكبين لمهرجان
زهاbloomed كالباقةlike the bouquet الحسنىbeautiful وضاعاand wafted fragrance
زها كالباقة الحسنى وضاعا
It shook both shoulders for a festival
It shook its shoulders for the festival
that bloomed like a beautiful bouquet and wafted fragrance.
Beautiful as a bouquet, dispersed,
وأقبلتand came الوفودthe delegations عليهto it تترىin succession
وأقبلت الوفود عليه تترى
كسربlike a swarm of النحلbees فيamong الثمراتthe fruits صاعاdarting about
كسرب النحل في الثمرات صاعا
Delegations came to it in succession,
And delegations came to it continuously
like a swarm of bees darting among the fruits.
Like swarms of bees among the fruits busy,
غداwent out in the morning يزجىurging onward الركابthe mounts وراحand went in the evening حتىuntil
غدا يزجى الركاب وراح حتى
أظلoverspread دمشقDamascus وانتظمand gathered البقاعاthe Beqaa
أظل دمشق وانتظم البقاعا
Morning and evening it urged the mounts onward, until
It went calling riders while it lasted
it overspread Damascus and embraced the Beqaa.
Shading Damascus and organizing the countryside,
ترىyou see ثَمthere القرائحcreative minds والروابيand hills
ترى ثَم القرائح والروابي
تبارينvying افتناناin artistry واختراعاand invention
تبارين افتنانا واختراعا
There you see creative minds and hills
You see poetic inspirations and hills there
vying in artistry and invention.
Competing in fascination and creativity,
ربيعa springtime of طبيعةnature وربيعand a springtime of شعرpoetry
ربيع طبيعة وربيع شعر
تخللpervaded نفحthe wafting of طِيبِهماthe fragrance of them both الرباعاthe dwellings
تخلل نفح طِيبِهما الرباعا
A springtime of nature and a springtime of verse,
A springtime of nature and a springtime of poetry
the breath of their fragrance has pervaded the dwellings.
With the fragrance of both permeating the expanse,
كأنكas though you بالقبائلwith the tribes فيat عكاظ‘Ukaz
كأنك بالقبائل في عكاظ
تجاذبتcontended over المنابرthe pulpits والتلاعاand hillocks
تجاذبت المنابر والتلاعا
It is as though you saw the tribes at ‘Ukaz,
As if you see the tribes in Ukaz
contending for the pulpits and hillocks.
Disputing platforms and gatherings,
بنتthey built ملكاa kingdom منfrom الفصحىeloquent Arabic وشادتand raised
بنت ملكا من الفصحى وشادت
بوحدتهاthrough its unity الحياةlife والاجتماعاand fellowship
بوحدتها الحياة والاجتماعا
They built a kingdom of eloquent Arabic and raised,
It built a kingdom of eloquence and established
through its unity, life and fellowship.
With its unity life and society,
فعادتso they became أمةa nation عجباa marvel وكانتthough they had been
فعادت أمة عجبا وكانت
رعاةshepherds of الشاءsheep والبدوand the nomads الشعاعاscattered
رعاة الشاء والبدو الشعاعا
Thus they became a wondrous nation, though they had been
So it returned a wondrous nation and was
shepherds of sheep and scattered desert nomads.
The shepherds of sheep and the radiant Bedouins.
أميرO prince of المهرجانthe festival وددتI wished أنىthat I
أمير المهرجان وددت أنى
أَرىbe seen فيat مهرجانكyour festival أوor أراعىbe shown regard
أَرى في مهرجانك أو أراعى
O prince of the festival, I wished that I
Prince of the festival, I wish I
might be seen at your festival, or shown regard.
Could see your festival or graze,
عدتbarred دونfrom الخفوفhurrying لهto it عوادhindrances
عدت دون الخفوف له عواد
تحدَّينdefying المشيئةthe will والزَّعاماand resolve (apparent transposition)
تحدَّين المشيئة والزَّعاما
Hindrances barred my hurrying to it,
I returned, unable to keep up, sending him
defying my will and resolve.
Processions challenging fate and leadership,
وماand not أناI حينwhen سارdeparted الركبthe caravan إلاanything but
وما أنا حين سار الركب إلا
كباغيlike one seeking الحجpilgrimage همَّwho intended فماbut did not استطاعاmanage
كباغي الحج همَّ فما استطاعا
When the caravan departed, I was nothing but
And I am not present when the caravan travelled
like one seeking pilgrimage, resolved but unable.
Except like pilgrim searchers, unable to afford it,
أقامhe stayed بغبنهwith his disappointment لمnot يقضfulfilled حقاa duty
أقام بغبنه لم يقض حقا
ولاnor بلّquenched الصبابةpassionate longing والنزاعاand yearning
ولا بلّ الصبابة والنزاعا
He remained in his disappointment, fulfilling no duty,
He remained deprived, neither performing a duty
nor slaking his passionate longing and yearning.
Nor wetting his moustache or getting into disputes,
طرابلسTripoli أنثنِىsway عِطفيthe two flanks of أديمearth's skin
طرابلس أنثنِى عِطفي أديم
وموجىand surge ساحلاas a shore وثبىand leap شراعاas a sail
وموجى ساحلا وثبى شراعا
Tripoli, sway your two earthen flanks,
Tripoli, may my affection bend
surge as a shore, and leap as a sail.
And my waves be a coast and my sail billow,
كساclothed جنباتكyour sides الماضيthe past جلالاin majesty
كسا جنباتك الماضي جلالا
وراقand delighted عليهupon it مِيسمهits mark وراعاand awed
وراق عليه مِيسمه وراعا
The past clothed your sides in majesty,
The past has adorned your sides with glory
and its mark upon that glory charmed and awed.
And its symbols have grazed upon it beautifully,
وماand not منof أمسa yesterday للاقوامfor peoples بدany escape
وما من أمس للاقوام بد
وإنeven if ظنواthey imagined عنfrom الماضيthe past انقطاعاa severance
وإن ظنوا عن الماضي انقطاعا
No people can dispense with yesterday,
No people have a new yesterday
though they may think themselves severed from the past.
Even if they thought the past was severed,
ألمdid you not تسقيgive drink to الجهادthe struggle وتطعميهand feed it
ألم تسقي الجهاد وتطعميه
وتحمىand protect ظهرهits back حقباfor ages تباعاsuccessively
وتحمى ظهره حقبا تباعا
Did you not give the struggle drink and feed it,
Did you not water and feed the struggle
and guard its back through successive ages?
And protect its back for eras on end?
شراعكyour sail فيamong الفِنيقيينthe Phoenicians جلَّىled the field
شراعك في الفِنيقيين جلَّى
وذكركand your renown فيamong الصليبينthe Crusaders شاعاspread
وذكرك في الصليبين شاعا
Your sail led the field among the Phoenicians,
Your sail clarified among the Phoenicians
and your renown spread among the Crusaders.
And your mention spread among the Crusaders,
كأنىas though I saw بالسفينthe ships غدتdepart in the morning وراحتand return in the evening
كأنى بالسفين غدت وراحت
حيالكbefore you تحملbearing العلمthe banner المطاعاthat was obeyed
حيالك تحمل العلم المطاعا
I seem to see the ships departing at dawn and returning at dusk,
It is as if I see the ships that became
before you, bearing the banner that commanded obedience.
Carrying your flag, obeyed,
صلاحSalah الدينal-Din يرسلهاsends them رياحاlike winds
صلاح الدين يرسلها رياحا
وآونةand at times يصففهاarrays them قلاعاas fortresses
وآونة يصففها قلاعا
Salah al-Din sends them forth like winds,
Saladin sends them as winds
and at times arrays them like fortresses.
And times equip them as castles,
أليسwas it not البحرthe sea كانwas لناfor us غديراa pool
أليس البحر كان لنا غديرا
وكانتand were فلكناour ships البجعthe pelicans الرتاعاfeeding at ease
وكانت فلكنا البجع الرتاعا
Was not the sea once a pool for us,
Was not the sea a lake for us
and our ships pelicans feeding at ease?
And were not our ships the nimble ducks?
غمرناwe flooded بالحضارةwith civilization ساحليهboth its shores
غمرنا بالحضارة ساحليه
فماand did not عيَّاfalter بحائطهاwith its enclosing wall اضطلاعاin shouldering
فما عيَّا بحائطها اضطلاعا
We flooded both its shores with civilization,
We inundated its coasts with civilization
and it never faltered in shouldering her enclosing wall.
Yet no glance probed its walls,
توارثناهwe inherited it أبلجradiant عبقرياwondrous
توارثناه أبلج عبقريا
ذلولdocile of المتنback منبسطاoutspread وساعاand vast
ذلول المتن منبسطا وساعا
We inherited it, radiant and wondrous,
We inherited it, smooth and white genius
docile-backed, outspread and vast.
With a tame, vast sea,
ترىyou see حافاتهits edges انفجرتburst forth عيوناinto springs
ترى حافاته انفجرت عيونا
ورفتand flourished منalong جوانبهits sides ضياعاfarms
ورفت من جوانبه ضياعا
You see its edges burst into springs,
You see its shores burst into springs
and farms flourish along its sides.
And around it wastelands lifted,
فماbut did not زدناwe add الكتابthe book الفخمmagnificent حرفاa letter
فما زدنا الكتاب الفخم حرفا
ولاnor زدناwe added العصورthe ages الزُهرradiant ساعاhours
ولا زدنا العصور الزُهر ساعا
But we added not a letter to the magnificent book,
Yet we added no gem to the grand book
nor an hour to the radiant ages.
Nor did we add to the ages a single hour,
قعدناwe sat معقدin the seat of الآباءthe forefathers منهupon it
قعدنا معقد الآباء منه
فكناso we were البَهمlambs قدalready خلفsucceeded السباعاbeasts of prey
فكنا البَهم قد خلف السباعا
We sat in our forefathers' place upon it,
We remained bound by the knot of our forefathers
and were lambs that had succeeded beasts of prey.
Thus we were beasts, succeeded by predators.
كأنas though الشمسthe sun مسلمةa Muslim woman اصابتhad found
كأن الشمس مسلمة اصابت
عفيفاa chaste man فيin طيالسهhis cloaks شجاعاa brave man
عفيفا في طيالسه شجاعا
It is as though the sun were a Muslim woman who had found
It is as if the surrendered sun
a chaste, brave man in his cloaks.
Stuck a chaste, courageous man in his robes,
تَحَجَّبُshe veils herself عنfrom بحارthe seas of اللهGod حتىuntil
تَحَجَّبُ عن بحار الله حتى
إذاwhen خطرتshe glides بهover him نضتshe removed القناعاthe veil
إذا خطرت به نضت القناعا
She veils herself from God's seas, until
She is shy of the seas of God until
when she glides over him, she strips off her veil.
Whenever she thought of him, she lifted the veil,
وماand not رأتsaw العيونeyes أجلmore majestic منهاthan her
وما رأت العيون أجل منها
علىupon أجزاءthe parts of هيكلهhis frame اطلاعاin looking out
على أجزاء هيكله اطلاعا
No eyes have seen anything more majestic than her,
And the eyes have not seen anyone finer than him
as she looks upon the parts of his frame.
Glancing at the parts of his temple,
فماso nothing كشروقهاlike her rising منهfrom him نعيماin bliss
فما كشروقها منه نعيما
ولاnor كغروlike the setting (word fragment) بهاher (completes the split word) فيهwithin him متاعاin delight
ولا كغرو بها فيه متاعا
No bliss is like her rising from him,
For neither her rising to him is a delight
nor any delight like her setting in him.
Nor her setting in him enjoyable goods.