ماذاwhat دهاكhas befallen you منof النوائبْcalamities
ماذا دهاك من النوائبْ
سلطانةqueen القومthe people الغوالبْthe conquering
سلطانة القوم الغوالبْ
What calamities have befallen you,
What calamity has befallen you,
O sovereign of the conquering people?
O queen of a conquering people?
بلغhas reached الردىdeath فيكتورياVictoria
بلغ الردى فيكتوريا
فالأرضso the earth مظلمةis dark الجوانبْon all sides
فالأرض مظلمة الجوانبْ
Death has overtaken Victoria,
Death has reached Victoria,
and the earth is dark on every side.
so the earth is dark on every side.
تهتزit trembles منfrom حزنgrief علىfor
تهتز من حزن على
ذاتthe lady of المآثرglorious deeds والمناقبْand virtues
ذات المآثر والمناقبْ
It trembles with grief for
It trembles with grief for
a woman of glorious deeds and virtues;
the lady of great deeds and virtues,
وتشقand rends صدراًa breast عنto reveal فؤاa heart (first part)
وتشق صدراً عن فؤا
دcompletion of 'heart' منfrom لهيبthe flame of الوجدanguish ذائبْmelted
د من لهيب الوجد ذائبْ
it rends open a breast to reveal a hea—
and rends its breast, revealing a heart
—rt melted by the flame of longing.
melted by the flame of anguish.
واO! لهفتاهmy anguish! وروحهاand her soul
وا لهفتاه وروحها
بينbetween التراقيthe collarbones والترائبْand the breastbones
بين التراقي والترائبْ
Alas for her! While her soul
Alas, my anguish! Her soul
lingered between collarbones and ribs,
is between collarbones and breastbones.
والأهلand the family حولaround فراشهاher bed
والأهل حول فراشها
والكلand everyone باكيweeping العينthe eye نادبْlamenting
والكل باكي العين نادبْ
her family stood around her bed,
Her family surrounds her bed,
all tearful-eyed and lamenting.
all tearful-eyed and lamenting.
وهمand they الملوكthe kings الحاكموthe rulers (first part)
وهم الملوك الحاكمو
نcompletion of 'the rulers' علىover الأعاجمthe non-Arabs والأعاربْand the Arabs
ن على الأعاجم والأعاربْ
They are kings who ru—
They are the kings who rule
—le foreigners and Arabs alike,
over non-Arabs and Arabs,
منof كلevery جهمgrim الوجهof face ليlionlike (first part)
من كل جهم الوجه لي
ثيِّcompletion of 'lionlike' الأظافرthe nails والمخالبْand the claws
ثيِّ الأظافر والمخالبْ
each one grim-faced, lion—
each grim-faced, lionlike
—like in claws and talons;
in nails and claws.
فقدواthey lost شجاعتهمtheir courage أماbefore (first part)
فقدوا شجاعتهم أما
مcompletion of 'before' الموتdeath وهوand it is أعزthe mightiest غالبْconqueror
م الموت وهو أعز غالبْ
yet before death they lost their courage,
They have lost their courage before
and death is the mightiest conqueror.
death, the mightiest conqueror.
ياO خيرbest حاكمةfemale ruler يجِّلdispels (first part)
يا خير حاكمة يجِّل
ليcompletion of 'dispels' رأيُهاher judgment داجيpitch-dark الغياهبْthe dark depths
لي رأيُها داجي الغياهبْ
O best of rulers, whose judgment
O finest ruler, whose judgment dispels
illuminated the darkest depths!
the deepest darkness,
وأبرand the most devoted أمٍّmother أورثتwho bequeathed
وأبر أمٍّ أورثت
أبناءهاher children أسمىthe loftiest المواهبْgifts
أبناءها أسمى المواهبْ
O most devoted mother, who bequeathed
and most devoted mother, who bequeathed
the highest gifts to her children!
to her children the loftiest gifts:
أوحشتyou left desolate شعباًa people فيamong الشعوthe nations (first part)
أوحشت شعباً في الشعو
بcompletion of 'the nations' بسيفwith the sword of رأيكyour judgment كانwas ضاربْstriking
ب بسيف رأيك كان ضاربْ
You have left lonely a people who, among the peo—
you have left desolate a people among
—ples, struck with the sword of your judgment.
the nations, who struck with the sword of your judgment.
قدindeed نالattained فيin أيامكyour days الthe (article continued)
قد نال في أيامك ال
بيضاءradiant أشتاتall kinds of المطالبْaspirations
بيضاء أشتات المطالبْ
During your radiant
It attained, in your days—
days, they attained their many aims.
your radiant days—every kind of aspiration,
للواءfor the banner of عدلكyour justice ناشراًunfurling
للواء عدلك ناشراً
بينbetween المشارقthe eastern lands والمغاربْand the western lands
بين المشارق والمغاربْ
They spread the banner of your justice
unfurling the banner of your justice
between East and West.
between the eastern and western lands.
فلكso yours are المدائنthe cities والسفاand the ships (first part)
فلك المدائن والسفا
ئنcompletion of 'ships' والمعاقلand the strongholds والكتائبْand the battalions
ئن والمعاقل والكتائبْ
Yours were the cities and the shi—
Yours are the cities and ships,
—ps, the fortresses and the battalions.
the strongholds and battalions.
والبحرand the sea يأمنis safe from باسمكin your name الthe (article continued)
والبحر يأمن باسمك ال
أخطارَdangers فيهupon it كلُّevery راكبْvoyager
أخطارَ فيه كلُّ راكبْ
At your name, every seafarer
And at sea, in your name,
felt safe from the dangers of the sea.
every voyager upon it is safe from danger.
ولكand yours are الكنوزthe treasures الوافراabundant (first part)
ولك الكنوز الوافرا
تcompletion of 'abundant' يهيمwanders bewildered فيهاamong them كلevery حاسبْreckoner
ت يهيم فيها كل حاسبْ
Yours were abundant treasu—
Yours are abundant treasures,
—res, over which every reckoner grew bewildered.
among which every reckoner wanders bewildered.
يبكيكweeps for you تاجa crown صيغwas fashioned منfrom
يبكيك تاج صيغ من
حباتcores of أفئدةthe hearts of العجائبْwonders
حبات أفئدة العجائبْ
A crown mourns you, fashioned from
A crown weeps for you, fashioned from
the wondrous pearls of loving hearts.
the cores of the hearts of wonders.
يبكيكweeps for you عرشa throne فيin زماyour time (first part)
يبكيك عرش في زما
نكcompletion of 'your time' صارbecame مرتفعhigh المناكبْin the shoulders
نك صار مرتفع المناكبْ
A throne mourns you, which in your ti—
A throne weeps for you; in your time
—me rose proud and lofty.
its shoulders rose high.
يبكيكweeps for you سيفa sword كانwas فيin
يبكيك سيف كان في
يمناكyour right hand مرجوَّhoped-for المضاربْstrokes
يمناك مرجوَّ المضاربْ
A sword mourns you, which in
A sword weeps for you, once in
your right hand inspired hope in battle.
your right hand, its blows a source of hope.
ماnot كانwas قلبكyour heart بالشديat all harsh (first part)
ما كان قلبك بالشدي
دcompletion of 'harsh' علىtoward معاديكyour enemy المشاغبْthe quarrelsome
د على معاديك المشاغبْ
Your heart was not unyielding
Your heart was never harsh
toward your hostile, troublesome foes;
toward your quarrelsome enemy;
لكنَّbut حفظsafeguarding الملكthe kingdom يقrequires (first part)
لكنَّ حفظ الملك يق
ضيcompletion of 'requires' بالتأهبwith preparedness للمصائبْfor calamities
ضي بالتأهب للمصائبْ
but preserving the realm requi—
yet safeguarding the kingdom requires
—res readiness for calamities,
readiness for calamities,
ولقاءand confronting منwhoever يطغيtransgresses بماwith what
ولقاء من يطغي بما
لاno بدalternative للحذرfor the wary person المراقبْthe watchful
لا بد للحذر المراقبْ
and confronting whoever transgresses—with what
and meeting the transgressor with what
the vigilant and wary cannot do without.
the wary, watchful cannot do without.
والنصرand victory للجندfor the army الذيthat
والنصر للجند الذي
أعددتهyou prepared it أبداًalways مصاحبْa companion
أعددته أبداً مصاحبْ
Victory ever accompanies
And victory, for the army that
the army you prepared;
you prepared, is an unfailing companion.
فينالso it gains ممنfrom whoever يعتديattacks
فينال ممن يعتدي
ماwhat تشتهينyou desire منof المكاسبْgains
ما تشتهين من المكاسبْ
thus it wins from any aggressor
So it wins from whoever attacks
whatever gains you desire,
the gains you desire,
ويجدُّand strives فيin تأديبهchastising him
ويجدُّ في تأديبه
حتىuntil يعودhe returns إليكto you تائبْrepentant
حتى يعود إليك تائبْ
and earnestly disciplines him
and strives to chastise him
until he returns to you repentant.
until he returns to you repentant.
كمhow many أمةa nation ذهبcarried away الغروarrogance (first part)
كم أمة ذهب الغرو
رcompletion of 'arrogance' برشدهاwith its good sense شرthe worst of المذاهبْpaths
ر برشدها شر المذاهبْ
How many a nation has had vani—
How many a nation has arrogance led
—ty lead its wisdom down the worst of paths!
astray from good sense, down the worst of paths!
فبغتso it transgressed علىagainst جاراتهاits neighbors
فبغت على جاراتها
طوعin obedience to الأمانيhopes الكواذبْthe deceitful
طوع الأماني الكواذبْ
It then oppressed its neighbors,
So it attacked its neighbors,
yielding to deceitful dreams;
in obedience to deceitful hopes.
فأخفتِهاthen you frightened it فاسترجعتso it withdrew
فأخفتِها فاسترجعت
أطماعَهاits ambitions خوفfor fear of المعاطبْdestruction
أطماعَها خوف المعاطبْ
but you frightened it, and it withdrew
Then you frightened it, and it withdrew
its ambitions for fear of ruin.
its ambitions, for fear of destruction.
كمhow many حادثa calamity جللgrave رماshot
كم حادث جلل رما
كat you بسهمهwith its arrow فارتدَّthen recoiled خائبْunsuccessful
ك بسهمه فارتدَّ خائبْ
How many a grave calamity hurled
How many a grave calamity shot
its arrow at you, only to recoil defeated!
at you with its arrow, then recoiled defeated!
وأمنتand you were safe from كيداًa plot كانwas يسcreeping (first part)
وأمنت كيداً كان يس
ريcompletion of 'creeping' مثلlike ماthe way تسريcreep العقاربْscorpions
ري مثل ما تسري العقاربْ
You were safe from a plot that cre—
And you were safe from a plot that crept
—pt as scorpions creep,
as scorpions creep,
حتىuntil أصابكstruck you منfrom يدthe hand of الthe (article continued)
حتى أصابك من يد ال
موتdeath الزؤامthe grim اليومtoday صائبْa sure shot
موت الزؤام اليوم صائبْ
until today an unerring blow from the hand of
until a sure shot struck you from the hand of
remorseless death struck you,
grim death today,
بعدafter الثمانينthe eighty years التيwhich
بعد الثمانين التي
فيهاin them امتلأتyou grew full منof التجاربْexperiences
فيها امتلأت من التجاربْ
after eighty years
after those eighty years
filled with experience.
in which you grew full of experience.
وتركتand you left جندكyour army فيin الوغىbattle
وتركت جندك في الوغى
ظُفُرُthe claw of الأعاديthe enemies فيهin it ناشبْembedded
ظُفُرُ الأعادي فيه ناشبْ
You left your army in the fray,
And you left your army in battle,
the enemy's claw sunk into it.
the enemy's claw embedded in it,
لاnot تستطيعcan أكفهits hands
لا تستطيع أكفه
حملcarrying الأسنةthe spearheads والقواضبْand the cleaving swords
حمل الأسنة والقواضبْ
Its hands cannot
its hands unable
bear spears and cutting swords.
to bear spearheads and cleaving swords.
كيفhow القتالfighting وقدand already غداhas become الthe (article continued)
كيف القتال وقد غدا ال
ناعيdeath-herald بصبرwith the fortitude of الجندthe army ذاهبْcarrying away
ناعي بصبر الجند ذاهبْ
How can it fight, now that the
How can it fight, when
death notice has carried off the army's fortitude?
the death-herald has carried off the army's fortitude?
ياO ويلwoe to جندكyour army بعدafter فقlosing you (first part)
يا ويل جندك بعد فق
دكcompletion of 'losing you' منfrom مقاساةenduring المتاعبْhardships
دك من مقاساة المتاعبْ
Woe to your army, after lo—
Woe to your army, after losing
—sing you, for the hardships it must endure!
you, for the hardships it must endure!
هلwill يثبتونthey stand firm أمامهاbefore them
هل يثبتون أمامها
أمor يخضعونthey submit لكلto every واثبْassailant
أم يخضعون لكل واثبْ
Will they stand firm before them,
Will they stand firm before them,
or submit to every assailant?
or submit to every assailant?
إنيindeed I أرىsee الأيامthe days مدturning away (first part)
إني أرى الأيام مد
برةcompletion of 'turning away' ونجمand the star of السعدgood fortune غاربْsetting
برة ونجم السعد غاربْ
I see the days turning a—
I see the days turning
—way and fortune's star setting;
away, and fortune's star setting,
وأخافand I fear ماwhat يأتيcomes بهwith it الthe (article continued)
وأخاف ما يأتي به ال
غدُtomorrow منof عظيماتgrievous kinds of المصاعبْhardships
غدُ من عظيمات المصاعبْ
and I fear what tomo—
and I fear what
—rrow may bring of formidable hardships.
tomorrow brings of grievous hardships.
إنيindeed I أودwish لقومكfor your people الthe (article continued)
إني أود لقومك ال
حكمrule النزيهuntainted منby الشوائبْblemishes
حكم النزيه من الشوائبْ
I wish for your people a rule
I wish for your people
pure and untainted,
a rule free of blemishes,
وأحبand I would love أنthat يمسيcome to be جميall (first part)
وأحب أن يمسي جمي
عcompletion of 'all' العالمينthe world's peoples لهمto them حبائبْfriends
ع العالمين لهم حبائبْ
and I would love for a—
and would love to see all
—ll humanity to be their friends.
the world's peoples become their friends.
فلهمfor they have علىtoward وطنيmy homeland جميa kindness (first part)
فلهم على وطني جمي
لٌcompletion of 'a kindness' ذكرهmentioning it بالحمدwith praise واجبْis obligatory
لٌ ذكره بالحمد واجبْ
They have done my homeland a kind—
For they have done my homeland a kindness
—ness that must be gratefully remembered:
that must be remembered with praise.
قدindeed خفضواthey reduced عناfrom us المغاthe levies (first part)
قد خفضوا عنا المغا
رمcompletion of 'the levies' والمظالمand injustices والضرائبْand taxes
رم والمظالم والضرائبْ
they have lightened our bur—
They have reduced for us the levies,
—dens, injustices, and taxes;
the injustices and taxes.
بلindeed أوضحواthey made clear نهجthe path of النجاsuccess (first part)
بل أوضحوا نهج النجا
حcompletion of 'success' فكلso every فردperson فيهupon it دائبْtoiling steadily
ح فكل فرد فيه دائبْ
indeed, they have made clear the path of succe—
Indeed, they made plain the road to success,
—ss, along which every person strives.
and every person toils upon it.
واسترجعواand they brought back العاصيthe rebel إليto (continued)
واسترجعوا العاصي إلي
ناus فهوso he بالطاعاتwith acts of obedience ثائبْreturning
نا فهو بالطاعات ثائبْ
They restored the rebellious one to
And they brought the rebel back to
us, and now he returns obediently.
us, now returning in obedience.
ماذاwhat تركتhave you left منof الوصاcounsels (first part)
ماذا تركت من الوصا
ياcompletion of 'counsels' المستجادةdeemed worthy فيin العواقبْthe outcomes
يا المستجادة في العواقبْ
What excellent coun—
What counsels have you left
—sels did you leave for what lies ahead?
that prove worthy in their outcomes?
هلis there بينهاamong them أمرan order لقوto your people (first part)
هل بينها أمر لقو
مكcompletion of 'to your people' بالجلاءfor withdrawal بهfor it نطالبْwe demand
مك بالجلاء به نطالبْ
Do they include an order that your peo—
Is there among them an order to your people
—ple depart—a demand we make by its authority?
to withdraw—the withdrawal we demand?
فلقدfor indeed تعلمناwe have learned مصاconciliation (first part)
فلقد تعلمنا مصا
نعةcompletion of 'conciliation' المسالمthe peaceable person والمحاربْand the warlike person
نعة المسالم والمحاربْ
For we have learned to con—
For we have learned to conciliate
—ciliate both peaceful men and warriors.
the peaceable and the warlike;
والدهرand time هذبناhas refined us فأحso we loved (first part)
والدهر هذبنا فأح
ببناcompletion of 'so we loved' الأباعدstrangers والأقاربْand kinsfolk
ببنا الأباعد والأقاربْ
Time has refined us, and so we have lo—
time has refined us, so we have come to love
—ved those far away and those close to us.
strangers and kinsfolk.
ولناand we have أميرa prince فيin ارتقاuplifting (first part)
ولنا أمير في ارتقا
ءcompletion of 'uplifting' حياتناour life ساعstriving مواظبْsteadfast
ء حياتنا ساع مواظبْ
We have a prince who diligently strives to eleva—
And we have a prince who, to uplift
—te our lives.
our lives, strives unceasingly.
أغنىmade independent البلادthe country عنof الكفيthe guardian (first part)
أغنى البلاد عن الكفي
لcompletion of 'the guardian' ففيfor in نجاةthe deliverance of الملكthe realm راغبْdesirous
ل ففي نجاة الملك راغبْ
He has spared the country any guaran—
He has made the country need no guardian,
—tor, for he desires the sovereign's deliverance.
for he desires the realm's deliverance.
لاnot يسلمis safe الشرفhonor الصحيtrue (first part)
لا يسلم الشرف الصحي
حcompletion of 'true' منfrom المطاعنslurs والمثالبْand reproaches
ح من المطاعن والمثالبْ
True honor cannot emerge unsca—
True honor does not remain safe
—thed from attacks and reproaches
from slurs and reproaches,
حتىuntil يراقis shed دمthe blood of الأعزthe noble (first part)
حتى يراق دم الأعز
ةcompletion of 'the noble' حولهaround it منfrom كلevery جانبْside
ة حوله من كل جانبْ
until the blood of the deare—
until the blood of the noble is shed
—st is shed around it on every side.
around it on every side.
هلis there غيرother than ذلكthat مسلكa path
هل غير ذلك مسلك
للمكثرينfor those seeking much منof المآربْaims
للمكثرين من المآربْ
Is there any other course
Is there any other path
for those whose ambitions multiply—
for those with a multitude of aims,
الطامعينthe covetous الطامحيthe aspiring (first part)
الطامعين الطامحي
نcompletion of 'the aspiring' إلىto الرئاسةleadership والمناصبْand offices
ن إلى الرئاسة والمناصبْ
those covetous men who aspi—
the covetous, aspiring
—re to leadership and high office?
to leadership and office?