استغرُI seek forgiveness (reading unclear) اللهGod العظيمَgreat العفوِin pardon
استغرُ الله العظيمَ العفوِ
منfor كلِّevery ذنبٍsin وهوىand desire ولَهوِand diversion
من كلِّ ذنبٍ وهوى ولَهوِ
I seek forgiveness from God, great in pardon.
God's great mercy and pardon
For every sin, desire, and idle diversion.
Forgives every sin, passion and idle play
ياخالقاO Creator لكلِّof every شيءٍthing حَتماcertainly
ياخالقا لكلِّ شيءٍ حَتما
وَسِغتYou encompassed (reading unclear) كلاًall رحمةًin mercy وعِلماand knowledge
وَسِغت كلاً رحمةً وعِلما
O certain Creator of everything,
O Creator of all things eternally
You have encompassed all in mercy and knowledge.
Your mercy and knowledge encompass perfectly
ياO سابقَforemost in الرَّحمةِmercy والعنايَةand care
يا سابقَ الرَّحمةِ والعنايَة
وواهبَand Giver of التوفيقsuccess والدِّرايةand understanding
وواهبَ التوفيق والدِّراية
O foremost in mercy and care,
O First in mercy and care
And Giver of success and understanding,
Granter of success and wisdom rare
بفضلكby Your grace اللهمِّO God فاستُرso conceal الزَّلَلthe slips
بفضلك اللهمِّ فاستُر الزَّلَل
فإنَّهُfor it أرجَىoffers more hope لناto us منthan العملdeeds
فإنَّهُ أرجَى لنا من العمل
By Your grace, O God, conceal our slips;
By Your grace protect us from stumbling
For it offers us more hope than our deeds.
For that is better for us than our deeds numbering
جَلّexalted is الذيHe who قدindeed خلقَcreated الإنساناhumankind
جَلّ الذي قد خلقَ الإنسانا
أودَعplaced فيهwithin them العقلَreason والبيَاناand expression
أودَع فيه العقلَ والبيَانا
Exalted is He who created humankind,
Exalted is He who created humankind
Placing reason and expression within them.
Endowing them with reason and eloquence refined
الرازقthe Provider for العبدَthe servant معdespite المعَاصِيtransgressions
الرازق العبدَ مع المعَاصِي
ذُوpossessor of العفوِpardon عندwhen الأخذِseizing بالنَّواصيby the forelocks
ذُو العفوِ عند الأخذِ بالنَّواصي
He provides for His servant despite transgressions,
Though He sustains His servants despite their disobedience
And pardons even when seizing by the forelocks.
The Forgiving One will take them to account nonetheless
يسترُHe conceals مناof ours جهلناour ignorance وتُعلِنُand you disclose
يسترُ منا جهلنا وتُعلِنُ
ولمand not نزلhave we ceased نسيءُdoing wrong وهوَwhile He يحسِنُdoes good
ولم نزل نسيءُ وهوَ يحسِنُ
He conceals our ignorance, and you disclose it.
To deny the part of free will, deluded they are
We continue doing wrong, while He does good.
Yet to man is ascribed choice, in summary
كمhow many شِدَّةٍhardships آخذةٍgripping بالنَّفسِthe soul
كم شِدَّةٍ آخذةٍ بالنَّفسِ
فَرَّجهَاHe relieved them عنَّاfrom us بغيرِwithout لُبسِdoubt
فَرَّجهَا عنَّا بغيرِ لُبسِ
How many hardships have gripped the soul,
Leave this matter ordained by fate
Which He relieved for us beyond all doubt!
Some say "It happened as it was written" my mate
فهذهso this is أرجوزةٌa rajaz poem مُزدَوجَهin paired verses
فهذه أرجوزةٌ مُزدَوجَه
فيon مُلَحِthe delights of الشطرنجchess جاءَتit came مُبهِجهdelightful
في مُلَحِ الشطرنج جاءَت مُبهِجه
Here, then, is a poem in paired rajaz verses,
While other matters by fate are ordained
Delightfully composed on the pleasures of chess.
Yet of them this is said: "By their effort obtained"
بِكرٌa maiden ولكنbut الكتابthe book خِدرُهاis her secluded chamber
بِكرٌ ولكن الكتاب خِدرُها
ومنand from ذويpeople of الفضلmerit القبولacceptance مَهرُهاis her dowry
ومن ذوي الفضل القبول مَهرُها
A maiden, yet the book is her secluded chamber;
All is done by one steadfast Doer
Acceptance by the worthy is her bridal dowry.
Woe to those who deny and disbelieve in Him, the Fool
خالصةٌpure تَمشِيshe walks علىwith استِحياءِbashfulness
خالصةٌ تَمشِي على استِحياءِ
منfrom خَشيةfear of الفقدِloss إِلىtoward الأكفاءِher peers
من خَشية الفقدِ إِلى الأكفاءِ
Pure, she walks bashfully,
The secret remains behind a veil
Toward her peers, fearing loss.
Though glimpsed at times when barriers fail
جامعةٌgathering فيin كلِّevery بيتِverse of شِعرpoetry
جامعةٌ في كلِّ بيتِ شِعر
معنىًa meaning رقيقاdelicate تحتَbeneath لفظِlanguage حُرِّnoble
معنىً رقيقا تحتَ لفظِ حُرِّ
Gathering in every verse
To the bat is the dawn obscured
A delicate meaning beneath noble language.
Naught but confusion can be inferred
ناظِمُهاits composer ولاand do not تسلask عبدٌa servant مُسِيwrongdoing
ناظِمُها ولا تسل عبدٌ مُسِي
إنَّif عَنَّhe appears لمnot يُذكَرis he mentioned وإنand if غَابhe is absent نُسِيhe is forgotten
إنَّ عَنَّ لم يُذكَر وإن غَاب نُسِي
Its composer—do not ask—is a wrongdoing servant.
From here, let us speak in description
If he appears, he goes unmentioned; if absent, forgotten.
With gentle expression and apt precision
عارٍdevoid منَof الفضائلvirtues الذاتيَّةُintrinsic
عارٍ منَ الفضائل الذاتيَّةُ
وإنماand only لصورةُa form (wording unclear) إنسانيةhuman
وإنما لصورةُ إنسانية
Devoid of intrinsic virtues,
I've composed some pieces small in form
Possessing only a human form [wording unclear].
Yet to the wise, grave and far from the norm
لكنbut فيamong أخلاقهِhis qualities الفِطريَّهinnate
لكن في أخلاقهِ الفِطريَّه
معرفةُawareness of المقدورwhat is decreed حسنgoodness of النَّيَهintention
معرفةُ المقدور حسن النَّيَه
Yet among his innate qualities
Strung like a necklace fresh and new
Are awareness of what is decreed and good intention.
Not crude or contrived, the chosen few
قدindeed وضعَdevised الشطرنجَchess أهلُthe people of الهِندIndia
قد وضعَ الشطرنجَ أهلُ الهِند
ونَظرَتهُمand rivaled them (reading unclear) فارسٌPersia بالنَّرَّدwith backgammon
ونَظرَتهُم فارسٌ بالنَّرَّد
The people of India devised chess,
Concise yet expansive in each verse
And Persia rivaled them with backgammon.
Profound meanings beneath the terse
كأنماas though الهنديُّthe Indian أومىgestured فيconcerning القدرdestiny
كأنما الهنديُّ أومى في القدر
إِلىtoward الذيthat which بطلاتُهits falsity (reading unclear) قدhas اشتَهَرbecome well known
إِلى الذي بطلاتُه قد اشتَهَر
As though the Indian, concerning destiny, pointed
Its composer remains unnamed
Toward a doctrine whose falsity is well known.
Though absent, let him not be blamed
وكلُّهمand all of them فيin معزلٍseclusion بعيدِdistant
وكلُّهم في معزلٍ بعيدِ
عنfrom عقدthe creed of أهلthe people of السُّنَةِthe Sunnah السَّديدsound
عن عقد أهل السُّنَةِ السَّديد
All of them stand far apart
No boast of natural virtues made
From the sound creed of the people of the Sunnah.
But the human condition displayed
واضعُthe inventor of النَّردbackgammon منis among الجبريةthe determinists
واضعُ النَّرد من الجبرية
ليسnot يجيزُacknowledges الكسبَacquisition of acts بالكليةat all
ليس يجيزُ الكسبَ بالكلية
The inventor of backgammon belongs to the determinists,
In innate manners and insight wise
Acknowledging no acquisition of acts whatsoever.
He knew his limits, of humble guise
فإنَّهُfor it خُلاصةُis the essence of التَّوحيدdivine unity
فإنَّهُ خُلاصةُ التَّوحيد
الواضحُclear البرهانِin proof بالتأييدwith support
الواضحُ البرهانِ بالتأييد
For it is the essence of divine unity,
In India chess was created
Its proof clear and supported.
The Persians observed and reiterated
إذكلُّsince every ممكنٍpossible thing علىwithout الإطلاقِexception
إذكلُّ ممكنٍ على الإطلاقِ
فعندناthen in our view بقدرةِthrough the power of الخَلاَّقthe Creator
فعندنا بقدرةِ الخَلاَّق
Since every possible thing, without exception,
As if the Indian hinted furtively
Exists, in our view, through the Creator's power.
To those whose leisure had notoriety
وإنماand only للعبدfor the servant نوعُa kind of كَسبacquisition
وإنما للعبد نوعُ كَسب
عنof حكمةthe wisdom of الفردthe One المريدwho wills ينبيit reveals
عن حكمة الفرد المريد ينبي
The servant has only a kind of acquisition,
All were misguided, far from the creed
Which reveals the wisdom of the One who wills.
Of Sunnis, rightly guided indeed
وذاكنand that (reading unclear) كيلاso that not يَبطلbecomes void العقابُpunishment
وذاكن كيلا يَبطل العقابُ
ولاand not يضيعُis lost الوعدُthe promise والثَّوابand reward
ولا يضيعُ الوعدُ والثَّواب
That is so punishment does not become void,
The chess inventor believed in fatalism
Nor promise and reward come to nothing.
Denying free acts categorically
إنكارنُdenial (text unclear) جزءِof a share of الاختيارِchoice ظلُّهits shadow
إنكارنُ جزءِ الاختيارِ ظلُّه
والكسبُand acquisition منسوبٌis attributed لهto him فيin الجُملَةgeneral
والكسبُ منسوبٌ له في الجُملَة
Denial of a share of choice—its shadow [wording unclear].
Quintessence of pure monotheism
And acquisition is attributed to him in general.
Evident, with proofs of the Divine warrant
دَعَنَّleave aside ذاthis أمرٍmatter ساقَهُbrought it about التَّقديرُdestiny
دَعَنَّ ذا أمرٍ ساقَهُ التَّقديرُ
يُقالُit is said فيهof it جَرَّهُbrought it about التَّدبيرُplanning
يُقالُ فيه جَرَّهُ التَّدبيرُ
Leave aside this matter, brought about by destiny:
For all contingent depends on the Omnipotent
People say that planning brought it about.
Thus different for man is his earned fate
وربَّand many a أمرٍmatter ساقَهُbrought it about التَّقديرُdestiny
وربَّ أمرٍ ساقَهُ التَّقديرُ
يقالُit is said فيهof it جَرَّهُbrought it about التَّدبيرُplanning
يقالُ فيه جَرَّهُ التَّدبيرُ
Many a matter brought about by destiny
By wisdom of the One, the Willing and Potent
Is said to have been brought about by planning.
Denial of choice shadows this belief
والكلُّand all منis from فِعلِthe action of مُريدٍone who wills واحدone
والكلُّ من فِعلِ مُريدٍ واحد
فالويلُso woe للجَاحدِto the denier والمُعَاندِand the obstinate
فالويلُ للجَاحدِ والمُعَاندِ
All proceeds from the action of one Willer;
Yet to man in general is choice the brief
Woe, then, to the denier and the obstinate!
Let us leave this matter of predestination
والسرُّand the secret خافٍis hidden دونَهbefore it الستائِرُare curtains
والسرُّ خافٍ دونَه الستائِرُ
وربّماand sometimes تلمحُهُglimpse it البصَائِرُdiscerning minds
وربّما تلمحُهُ البصَائِرُ
The secret is hidden behind curtains;
Some say "It was plotted", a duplication
Sometimes discerning minds glimpse it.
While other matters plotted by the divine
والصُّبحُand dawn مستورٌis concealed عنfrom الخُفّاشِthe bat
والصُّبحُ مستورٌ عن الخُفّاشِ
فماso not لَهُfor it مِنهfrom it سِوىexcept الإيحاشِdisquiet
فما لَهُ مِنه سِوى الإيحاشِ
Dawn is concealed from the bat,
Of them it is said: "By their design"
Which finds in it nothing but disquiet.
All is done by one steadfast Doer
ومنand from هُناhere فخذthen proceed بناwith us بالوصفِto the description
ومن هُنا فخذ بنا بالوصفِ
بِلُطفِwith grace of أُسلوبٍstyle وحُسنِand beauty of رَصفarrangement
بِلُطفِ أُسلوبٍ وحُسنِ رَصف
From here, then, proceed with us to the description,
Woe to those who reject, the obstinate fool
With graceful style and fine arrangement.
The morn's advent veiled from bats in full
ألِفتُI grew fond of اشياءًthings ضئيلةَsmall in الصُّورform
ألِفتُ اشياءً ضئيلةَ الصُّور
وعندand to منone who يدريunderstands جَليلةgreat in الخطرimportance
وعند من يدري جَليلة الخطر
I have grown fond of things small in form,
May glimpses by insight the veil annul
Yet of great importance to those who understand.
From here gently by description proceed
ناضرةradiant بعقدٍwith a necklace منof عَسجَدpure gold
ناضرة بعقدٍ من عَسجَد
ماnot انطبقتthey closed ولاand not زنَتcommitted adultery (text unclear) بمرددwith a repeater (text unclear)
ما انطبقت ولا زنَت بمردد
Radiant, with a necklace of pure gold,
With refined expression your wisdom stampede
They never closed, nor [unclear] with a repeater.
I've joined small pieces of imagery
لاnot تَشتكيthey complain منof عَبرةٍtears ولاnor رَمَدeye inflammation
لا تَشتكي من عَبرةٍ ولا رَمَد
وكحلهَاand their kohl السهرis wakefulness عسىperhaps طُولthe length of الأمدthe span
وكحلهَا السهر عسى طُول الأمد
They complain of neither tears nor inflamed eyes;
Grave to the wise though of blended tracery
Their kohl is wakefulness, perhaps for a long time.
Beads on a string, fresh and bright
نهارُهاtheir day حربٌis war بلاwithout وِفاقagreement
نهارُها حربٌ بلا وِفاق
وليلُهاand their night ينضَّمَّis gathered together والعِناقِand embrace
وليلُها ينضَّمَّ والعِناقِ
Their day is war without agreement;
Not crude or contrived, though novice in sight
At night they are gathered in an embrace.
Concise yet broad in meaning for each verse
تَقتُلُthey kill ثمَّthen بالاكفِّby hands تُقبَرُare buried
تَقتُلُ ثمَّ بالاكفِّ تُقبَرُ
علىthrough مدىthe passage of السَّاعاتthe hours ثمthen تُنَشَرُare raised again
على مدى السَّاعات ثم تُنَشَرُ
They kill, then are buried by hands;
Profound beneath, the expression terse
As the hours pass, they are raised again.
Neither titled nor named its fashioner
لهاthey have اجتماعُa gathering كلُّهall of it عراكًcombat
لها اجتماعُ كلُّه عراكً
وسكناتٌand moments of stillness كلُّهاall of them حِرَاكُmovement
وسكناتٌ كلُّها حِرَاكُ
Their gathering is entirely combat,
Though unnamed, let him not dishonored be
And their stillness entirely movement.
No boast of talents he made
تُومِيpoint إليهtoward it الحالُcircumstances والألفاظُand words
تُومِي إليه الحالُ والألفاظُ
وربَّand many a صَمتٍsilence كنَهits essence إيقَاظُis wakefulness
وربَّ صَمتٍ كنَه إيقَاظُ
Circumstances and words point toward it;
But the human condition displayed
Many a silence has wakefulness at its heart.
In manners innate and insight sage
للهto God belongs درُّthe excellence of واضعِthe inventor of الشطرنجِchess
لله درُّ واضعِ الشطرنجِ
فالظَّرفُfor wit أحياناsometimes إليهtoward it يُلجِيdrives one
فالظَّرفُ أحيانا إليه يُلجِي
God bless the inventor of chess!
He knew his limits of humble stage
Wit sometimes drives one to it.
In chess the Hindus their minds applied
وأنَّهُand it منis among جُملَةِthe category of الآدابِcultivated arts
وأنَّهُ من جُملَةِ الآدابِ
عندamong ذويpeople of الأخطارِdistinction والألبابِand understanding
عند ذوي الأخطارِ والألبابِ
It belongs among the cultivated arts
The Persians observed, they reiterated
For people of distinction and understanding.
As if the Hindu hinted furtively
والحقَّand the truth أنَّis that الشرعَreligious law عنهagainst it نَاهىforbids
والحقَّ أنَّ الشرعَ عنه نَاهى
لكونِهbecause it is منamong جُملةِthe category of الملاهِيdiversions
لكونِه من جُملةِ الملاهِي
The truth is that religious law forbids it,
To those whose leisure gained notoriety
Since it belongs among diversions.
All were misguided from the Creed
لكنَّbut فيهin it فسحةًan allowance قدmay تُقبَلbe accepted
لكنَّ فيه فسحةً قد تُقبَل
عنfrom الإمامِImam الشافعيal-Shafi‘i تُنقَلis reported
عن الإمامِ الشافعي تُنقَل
Yet an allowance for it, possibly acceptable,
Of Sunnis, guided aright indeed
Is reported from Imam al-Shafi‘i.
Fatalists invented this chess feign
منwithout غيرany إخلالٍneglect بحفظof observing الواجبِduty
من غير إخلالٍ بحفظ الواجبِ
ولاand no قمارgambling وهوwhich is سمُّthe poison of الكَاسبِthe earner
ولا قمار وهو سمُّ الكَاسبِ
Without neglecting the observance of duties,
Acts they deem fixed, an idolatrous claim
And without gambling, the earner's poison.
For us all is by the Mighty Maker done
وكونُهُand its being رياضةٌan exercise للفِكرِfor thought
وكونُهُ رياضةٌ للفِكرِ
يَقبَلُهُaccepts it العقلُreason بِغَيرwithout نُكرِobjection
يَقبَلُهُ العقلُ بِغَير نُكرِ
Its being an exercise for thought
Contingent on His will, the matchless One
Is accepted by reason without objection.
To man is a type of choice allowed
قدmay يحسنُbe good اللعبُplaying بهit أحياناsometimes
قد يحسنُ اللعبُ به أحيانا
بقدرto the extent ماthat يروَّحُit refreshes الأذهاناminds
بقدر ما يروَّحُ الأذهانا
Playing it may sometimes be good,
By wisdom of the One, the Willing, no doubt
To the extent that it refreshes minds.
Lest invalidated be recompense
إذfor قدmay يكلّtire السمعُhearing منfrom إصغائِهits listening
إذ قد يكلّ السمعُ من إصغائِه
إذاwhen جليسُa companion لجَّpersists فيin إهذائِهِhis babbling
إذا جليسُ لجَّ في إهذائِهِ
For hearing may tire of listening
Lost reward and retribution against offense
When a companion persists in babbling.
Denial of choice shadows this belief
وقدand indeed غدتhas become فيin عصرناour age المُعاشرهsocial intercourse
وقد غدت في عصرنا المُعاشره
محاوراتٍconversations كلّهاall of them مهاترهquarrelling
محاوراتٍ كلّها مهاتره
In our age, social intercourse has become
Yet to man in general is choice the brief
Conversations consisting entirely of quarrels,
Let us leave the matter of fate
أوor ترهاتٍnonsense فيin الفخَارboasting زاهقةcoming to nothing
أو ترهاتٍ في الفخَار زاهقة
والحالwhile circumstances علىto خلافthe contrary of ذاكَthat ناطقهtestify
والحال على خلاف ذاكَ ناطقه
Or empty boasts that come to nothing,
Some say "It happened" though frustrate
While circumstances testify to the contrary.
While matters of fate some obtain
وأصبحتand has become شمسُthe sun of الصَّفاءsincerity كاسفهeclipsed
وأصبحت شمسُ الصَّفاء كاسفه
وسيرةُand the conduct of الإمامِthe imam فيناamong us عاسفةoppressive
وسيرةُ الإمامِ فينا عاسفة
The sun of sincerity has become eclipsed,
By effort's design and wise aim
And the imam's conduct among us oppressive.
May both join and cease contention
وأنَّهُand it عُلالةُis a solace for المحزونِthe sorrowful
وأنَّهُ عُلالةُ المحزونِ
عندwhen تلؤُنِthe changing colors of الزَّمانِfortune الدُّونbase
عند تلؤُنِ الزَّمانِ الدُّون
It is a solace for the sorrowful
Fate and free acts find dimension
When base fortune changes its colors.
Much like the matter of chess engaged
يكفيكit spares you هَمُّthe burden of الوحشةِloneliness المشتَدَّةintense
يكفيك هَمُّ الوحشةِ المشتَدَّة
فيon الليلةِthe night الشاتيةِwintry الممتَدّةlong
في الليلةِ الشاتيةِ الممتَدّة
It spares you the burden of intense loneliness
Conflicting views may find assuage
On the long winter night.
So the rational conclude and aver
فاغتنمِso seize الأوقاتthe hours فهيfor they are قانِيةfleeting (reading uncertain)
فاغتنمِ الأوقات فهي قانِية
وتَشهدُand bear witness للمرءِfor a person حياةto a life ثَانِيَةsecond
وتَشهدُ للمرءِ حياة ثَانِيَة
So seize the hours, for they are fleeting [reading uncertain],
It is a sea with no coast or shore
And they bear witness to a second life for a person.
Two armies led by guiding stars
ومِنand among مزاياهُits advantages التيwhich لاnot تُجحَدُare denied
ومِن مزاياهُ التي لا تُجحَدُ
وكلُّand everyone قَرَّبهُbrought him near منto المَلِكthe king
وكلُّ قَرَّبهُ من المَلِك
Among its advantages, which cannot be denied,
Each has its protectors and ministers
And everyone it brought close to the king [wording unclear],
Trusting the conduct to two bound
تعطيفهits kindly inclining المولىthe master لِعَبدِtoward a servant المحطlowly
تعطيفه المولى لِعَبدِ المحط
وربَّماand perhaps قَرَّبهُit brought him near منto المَلِكthe king
وربَّما قَرَّبهُ من المَلِك
Is its inclining a master kindly toward a lowly servant.
Leaders, amongst the greatest found
It may even bring him close to the king.
No king dares near an opposing crown
وربماand perhaps أكسبَit granted منone who يُزاوِلُهpractices it
وربما أكسبَ من يُزاوِلُه
نباهةًdistinction إنif فاقَhe excels لاnot تُزَايِلُهleaving him
نباهةً إن فاقَ لا تُزَايِلُه
Sometimes it grants its practitioner
Nor views truce, their stations known
A distinction that, if he excels, never leaves him.
Embroiled forever in enduring strife
وتَركُand abandonment by منone who يلهوamuses himself بهwith it للغيبةِof backbiting
وتَركُ من يلهو به للغيبةِ
فيin وقتناour time هذاthis بغيرwithout رَيبَةِdoubt
في وقتنا هذا بغير رَيبَةِ
And those who amuse themselves with it abandon backbiting,
Till one meets his death, ends his life
In our present time, beyond all doubt.
The king's aide and wise vizier
وأنَّهand it لعبرةٌis indeed a lesson لمنfor whoever نظَرobserves
وأنَّه لعبرةٌ لمن نظَر
فقاسَthen measures دُنياءhis world بهagainst it ثمَّthen اعتَبَرreflects
فقاسَ دُنياء به ثمَّ اعتَبَر
It is indeed a lesson for anyone who observes,
Guarding the central squares with might
Measures his world against it, then reflects.
Above all pieces his power and sight
حوادثٌevents يَبقَىremains الذيHe who فيهاover them حَكَمrules
حوادثٌ يَبقَى الذي فيها حَكَم
ومُنتَهىand the end of كلَّall الحوادثِevents العَدَمis nothingness
ومُنتَهى كلَّ الحوادثِ العَدَم
Events occur; He who rules them remains,
Surrounded by twenty seven abodes
While all events end in nothingness.
Counting his zones the eight roads
مائدةٌa table تُغذِّيnourishing القلوبَhearts بالحِكَمwith wisdom
مائدةٌ تُغذِّي القلوبَ بالحِكَم
تَجِلُّit is above عنany وخَامةٍunwholesomeness وعنand any تُخَمindigestion
تَجِلُّ عن وخَامةٍ وعن تُخَم
A table nourishing hearts with wisdom,
None who challenged him here did endure
Above unwholesomeness and indigestion.
All but two met their end, dark and dire
تَلِذُّit delights لِلمُملِقِthe destitute والغَنيِّand the wealthy
تَلِذُّ لِلمُملِقِ والغَنيِّ
والحاذِقand the skilled المُتقِنِexpert والغَبيand the foolish
والحاذِق المُتقِنِ والغَبي
It delights the destitute and the wealthy,
How many formations he did invert
The skilled expert and the foolish.
Troops' arrays shredded and subvert
مبذولةُavailable علىduring الرَّخاءprosperity والمَحلَّand scarcity
مبذولةُ على الرَّخاء والمَحلَّ
فيقتديso follows كلُّeveryone يقدرjudges العَقلreason
فيقتدي كلُّ يقدر العَقل
Available in prosperity and scarcity,
Any he catches certainly dies
So each follows as reason judges [wording unclear].
For prey's destiny is the falcon's prize
ميدانُan arena of فكرthought ضَيِّقِnarrow in الأرجَاءِbounds
ميدانُ فكر ضَيِّقِ الأرجَاءِ
متَّسعٍexpanding بِقَدَّرwith the extent of الآراءideas
متَّسعٍ بِقَدَّر الآراء
An arena of thought, narrow in its bounds,
Mark the rook's resilient campaign
Yet expanding with the extent of ideas.
With endless stamina despite pain
إذاif لمnot يرَsee الراؤونobservers بالموافقةby common consent
إذا لم يرَ الراؤون بالموافقة
دستاa position كدستlike a position جَاءthat came بالمطابقةin exact correspondence
دستا كدست جَاء بالمطابقة
If observers cannot find, by common consent,
Often sweeping with might intrinsic
One position precisely matching another,
Snatching queens, then swift and mystic
ومنand from هناhere يصحُّis sound حُكمُthe judgment of العاقِلthe wise
ومن هنا يصحُّ حُكمُ العاقِل
بأنَّهthat it is بحرٌa sea بغيرِwithout ساحلِa shore
بأنَّه بحرٌ بغيرِ ساحلِ
Then the wise man's judgment rightly follows
Foray and withdraw, beware his assault
That it is a sea without a shore.
Joined with the knight, even stronger vault
جيشانِtwo armies منof حامٍa defender بهupon it وسامِand an assailant
جيشانِ من حامٍ به وسامِ
منof كلevery حاميdefender of حوزةa domain وِسَامand aspirant (reading uncertain)
من كل حامي حوزة وِسَام
Two armies of defenders and assailants upon it,
The prancing knight, intrepid and daring
Each defending a domain and aspiring [wording unclear].
Headlong in battle, all perils sharing
مُفَوّضentrusted التدبيرmanagement بالتزامِby commitment
مُفَوّض التدبير بالتزامِ
إِلىto رئيسينشtwo leaders (text unclear) منamong العِظامِthe great
إِلى رئيسينش من العِظامِ
Their management is entrusted, by commitment,
His independent skills merit attention
To two leaders of great standing.
His moves match no others' invention
وليسand not يَدنُوapproaches ملكٌa king منto صاحبهhis counterpart
وليس يَدنُو ملكٌ من صاحبه
وَلاَand not يَرَىhe considers الهُدنةَa truce منamong مَذاهبهhis policies
وَلاَ يَرَى الهُدنةَ من مَذاهبه
No king approaches his counterpart,
No same squares nor pattern perceived
Nor considers a truce among his policies.
None can predict how he may weave
يجتمعانthey meet الدَّهرَforever فيwithin ذراعِa cubit
يجتمعان الدَّهرَ في ذراعِ
فيby مثلهِits like لكنbut معwith القِرَاعِclashing blows
في مثلهِ لكن مع القِرَاعِ
They meet forever within a cubit
Bay or gray, purebred and tall
By another cubit, yet with clashing blows.
Black or brown, piece shaped night's pall
وكمand how many بهthere منتهزٌseize للقُرصَةِan opportunity (reading unclear)
وكم به منتهزٌ للقُرصَةِ
وراجعٍand retreating عنfrom قِرنهhis opponent بِغُصَّةِwith anguish
وراجعٍ عن قِرنه بِغُصَّةِ
How many seize an opportunity there,
If provoked, your will he may refuse
And retreat from their opponent with anguish!
Beware if you force him against his use
ينجمُemerges فيهin it بطلٌa champion بعدafter بَطَلa champion
ينجمُ فيه بطلٌ بعد بَطَل
ويستويand is established شانٌan undertaking إذاwhen شانٌan undertaking بَطَلfails
ويستوي شانٌ إذا شانٌ بَطَل
One champion after another emerges there;
Gently stroke his eyes, reward and befriend
One undertaking rises as another fails.
Though served by many, peerless he'll contend
كلُّeach يرىsees مصرعَهُhis death-place ويُقدِمُand advances
كلُّ يرى مصرعَهُ ويُقدِمُ
كأنَّهُas though he يقتلُis killed حينwhen يَحجُمُhe holds back
كأنَّهُ يقتلُ حين يَحجُمُ
Each sees his death-place and advances,
Elsewhere, like an ass with noble line
As though he would be killed if he held back.
His nature is betrayed, no longer fine
لهhe has فؤادٌa heart لمnot يحلhas lodged فيهwithin it وَجَلfear
له فؤادٌ لم يحل فيه وَجَل
والجبنُand cowardice لاnot يُغنيavails إشذاwhen (text unclear) حلَّarrives الأجَلthe appointed end
والجبنُ لا يُغني إشذا حلَّ الأجَل
He has a heart in which fear has never lodged;
So respect him, let his virtues blossom
Cowardice avails nothing when the appointed end arrives.
His glory apparent, princely awesome
كأنَّهas though he يعلّمknows أنthat الحذَراcaution
كأنَّه يعلّم أن الحذَرا
ليسnot يُنجِيsaves المرءَa person ممّاfrom what قَدراwas decreed
ليس يُنجِي المرءَ ممّا قَدرا
As though he knows that caution
The bishop's powers merit caution
Cannot save a person from what is decreed.
Guide his steps, avoid his predation
وهكذاand thus الحرُّthe noble man يرىconsiders المنيةdeath
وهكذا الحرُّ يرى المنية
أولىmore fitting بهfor him منthan خطةٍa course دَنيَّهshameful
أولى به من خطةٍ دَنيَّه
Thus the noble man considers death
The rook like elephant with probing snout
More fitting for him than a shameful course.
Can sweep the board if you don't route
صمتٌsilence وصبرٌand patience وكفاحٌand combat لمnot يزلceasing
صمتٌ وصبرٌ وكفاحٌ لم يزل
وخدعٌand stratagems منfalling below them دونهاin comparison وقعُthe striking of الأسَلspears
وخدعٌ من دونها وقعُ الأسَل
Unceasing silence, patience, and combat,
Attack or divert, confuse his advance
And stratagems beside which spear-thrusts fall short.
Lest he o'erwhelm with his countenance
وربّماand sometimes عَنَّتarose قضَاياsituations منتجهproducing
وربّما عَنَّت قضَايا منتجه
لحادثاتٍevents وخُطوبٍand calamities مزعِجَةdisturbing
لحادثاتٍ وخُطوبٍ مزعِجَة
Sometimes situations arise that produce
Call him pawns, the hardy shield
Disturbing events and calamities.
Who never retreat but sacrifice when felled
ومشكلand a problem ماnot جالَcrossed فيin وهمthe imagination of البشَرhumankind
ومشكل ما جالَ في وهم البشَر
ولاand not رآهsaw it قبلهbeforehand منany ذيpossessor of نظرdiscernment
ولا رآه قبله من ذي نظر
And a problem never conceived in human imagination,
Set firm, they allow no passage home
Nor previously seen by anyone discerning,
What the first misses, the next will hound
فأعجزَso it rendered incapable الوزيرَthe minister عنof تَدبيرهِmanaging it
فأعجزَ الوزيرَ عن تَدبيرهِ
وازعجَand drove السّلطانthe sovereign عنfrom سَريرهِhis throne
وازعجَ السّلطان عن سَريرهِ
Leaves the minister unable to manage it,
Scorpions, when ably maneuvered
And drives the sovereign from his throne.
Are lethal when cleverly delivered
وهكذاand thus حوادثُthe events of الأيَّامشthe days (text unclear)
وهكذا حوادثُ الأيَّامش
تلعبُtoy بالحُرِّwith the noble man بلاwithout احتشامِrestraint
تلعبُ بالحُرِّ بلا احتشامِ
Thus the events of the days
Now hear what I say regarding its ways
Toy with the noble man without restraint.
Wise counsel for those who spend time and days
حتىuntil إذاwhen ماindeed بَيدَقٌa pawn تَفرزَتbecame a vizier (reading unclear)
حتى إذا ما بَيدَقٌ تَفرزَت
واحتقرَand scorned الأقرانits peers فاشتدَّso grew severe العَنَاhardship
واحتقرَ الأقران فاشتدَّ العَنَا
Until, when a pawn becomes a vizier,
Beneath prudent maxims' inclusion
And scorns its peers, hardship grows severe.
And subtle wisdoms' infusion
لمnot يلبثِtakes long الدستُthe position بهthrough it أنto يَبطُلاbe ruined
لم يلبثِ الدستُ به أن يَبطُلا
ويهدمand demolishes المجدَglory وتَسمَحand yields (wording unclear) العلاeminence
ويهدم المجدَ وتَسمَح العلا
The position soon becomes ruined through it,
Insights from humor the keen may reap
And glory is demolished, while eminence yields [wording unclear].
Beyond cups and wine, though side feats
أفٍfie لأيامon days بهاin which يعلوrises high التقّدّunclear word
أفٍ لأيام بها يعلو التقّدّ
يجترىdares سفاهةًfoolishly علىagainst الأسّدlions
يجترى سفاهةً على الأسّد
Fie on days when the [unclear] rises high,
Jests at times can salutary be
And foolishly dares to challenge lions!
As wit in all matters gains currency
ولاand not يعمُّengulfs الدولَةthe state الفسادُcorruption
ولا يعمُّ الدولَة الفسادُ
إِلاexcept إذاwhen اللئامُthe base فيهاwithin it سادواrule
إِلا إذا اللئامُ فيها سادوا
Corruption does not engulf a state
Silence, reflection, patience and calm
Unless the base have become its rulers.
Stillness, composure, delay of harm
واستمعand listen to التَّعريفَthe definition فيهاof it بالعَرضthrough incidental qualities
واستمع التَّعريفَ فيها بالعَرض
وتارةًand sometimes بالذاتِthrough essence والوصفِand description الغرضis the aim
وتارةً بالذاتِ والوصفِ الغرض
Listen to its definition through incidental qualities,
Thoughtful planning secrets will extract
And sometimes through essence; description is the aim.
Success with care and tact
فالشاهso the shah فهيit is القطعةthe piece المقصودةsought
فالشاه فهي القطعة المقصودة
بالذاتfor its own sake والحربand war بهاaround it مَعقُودةis joined
بالذات والحرب بها مَعقُودة
The shah is the piece sought
No triumph without considered pace
For its own sake, around which war is joined.
Far from recklessness, or coward's place
فلاso do not تكنbe ذاpossessed of خفةٍfrivolity وطَيشٍand recklessness
فلا تكن ذا خفةٍ وطَيشٍ
لأنهbecause he سلطانُis the sovereign of ذاكthat الجيشِarmy
لأنه سلطانُ ذاك الجيشِ
So do not be frivolous or reckless,
When speech and clamor judgment prevent
For he is the sovereign of that army.
The truth appears not, only dissent
مادامَas long as فيamong جنُودهhis troops فلاthen no رَهَقdistress
مادامَ في جنُوده فلا رَهَق
إلاexcept إذاwhen لمnot يبقremains فيهمamong them ذوone possessing رَمَقa spark of life
إلا إذا لم يبق فيهم ذو رَمَق
While among his troops, he suffers no distress,
No gain for impetuous, hasty ones
Unless none among them retains a spark of life.
Nor irascible, stubborn sons
ولاand not يليconducts بنفسهِhimself الحُروباwars
ولا يلي بنفسهِ الحُروبا
ولاand not يُعانيendures جمرهَاtheir embers المشبوباfiercely burning
ولا يُعاني جمرهَا المشبوبا
He does not conduct wars himself,
Between recklessness and truth a divide
Nor endure their fiercely burning embers.
No counsel the foolish can provide
وربَّماand sometimes باشرهَاhe engages in them وجَدَاin earnest (reading uncertain)
وربَّما باشرهَا وجَدَا
منone who لمnot يَجِدfinds منfrom القِتالcombat بُدّاan alternative
من لم يَجِد من القِتال بُدّا
Sometimes he engages in them in earnest [reading uncertain],
Regret awaits the reckless, imprudent guide
As one who finds no alternative to combat.
And blame for those who cautions deride
ومنand whoever يَحِزpossesses مُلكاًa kingdom بلاwithout شجاعَهcourage
ومن يَحِز مُلكاً بلا شجاعَه
وحسنِand soundness of تدبيرٍmanagement لهfor it أضاعَهloses it
وحسنِ تدبيرٍ له أضاعَه
Whoever possesses a kingdom without courage
Scorn not one thought puny in your eyes
And sound management will lose it.
If aiming to grow he strives and tries
واختارand chose ناسٌsome people نقلةًa move للميمنَةto the right flank
واختار ناسٌ نقلةً للميمنَة
عندduring الوغَىbattle لأنbecause ذاكthat ميمنةis good fortune
عند الوغَى لأن ذاك ميمنة
Some have chosen a move toward the right flank
A spark once kindled flares into fire
In battle, because that brings good fortune.
Many small things gain might and ire
فيin موكبٍa retinue حماتهhis guards حذرalertness الحدَقof eyes
في موكبٍ حماته حذر الحدَق
يقضيdecrees الحمامdeath خيفةًfor fear منof الغَرَقdrowning
يقضي الحمام خيفةً من الغَرَق
In a retinue whose guards have watchful eyes,
In battle, some risks may profit
Death decrees, for fear of drowning [wording unclear].
With care and seeking each bit
وقدand may يليقsuit مُكثُهhis remaining فيin القلبِthe center
وقد يليق مُكثُه في القلبِ
لأنهbecause he قُطبُis the pivot of الرَّحاthe mill فيin الحَربwar
لأنه قُطبُ الرَّحا في الحَرب
Remaining in the center may suit him,
Withhold no feeble piece from the attack
For he is the mill's pivot in war.
If dealing a major blow is no lack
وفيand on الجناحينthe two wings حماةٌdefenders دونهbefore him
وفي الجناحين حماةٌ دونه
والنفسُand the soul تَردىperishes إنif غدتit becomes مسجونَةimprisoned
والنفسُ تَردى إن غدت مسجونَة
On both wings are defenders before him;
But mind consequences in each selection
The soul perishes if it becomes imprisoned.
And think through motives and plan of action
والبأسُand might كلّall البأسmight فيis in the farzan الفرزانِline_187
والبأسُ كلّ البأس في الفرزانِ
وزيرُthe minister of ذاكthat الملكِking المِعوانhelpful
وزيرُ ذاك الملكِ المِعوان
All might resides in the farzan,
The correct goals will imagination evince
That king's helpful minister.
Not rashness, but nor cowardice wins
يحميhe guards ماكانwhile he is وسطin the middle of الرُّقعةthe board
يحمي ماكان وسط الرُّقعة
ببأسِهwith his might منbeyond دونany كلّpiece قطعةline_190
ببأسِه من دون كلّ قطعة
While in the middle of the board, he guards
When options seem equal, the mind confused
With his might, beyond all other pieces.
Letters patent, and caution the muse
سبعٌseven وعشرونand twenty بيوتاsquares خاليةُempty
سبعٌ وعشرون بيوتا خاليةُ
تُعَدَّare counted منfrom جِهاتهاits directions الثمانيةeight
تُعَدَّ من جِهاتها الثمانية
Twenty-seven empty squares
Scorn not one overwhelmed with panic dread
Are counted in its eight directions.
Nor with bait of ambition misled
وكلّand everyone منwho قاومهopposes him فيهاthere افترسhe devours
وكلّ من قاومه فيها افترس
وماand not يفوتهeludes him سوىexcept مَشيُthe move of الفَرَسthe knight
وما يفوته سوى مَشيُ الفَرَس
Anyone opposing him there he devours,
When the king is threatened, plan for safety
And nothing eludes him except the knight's move.
His loss greater than all else calamity
كمhow many نسفhe swept away الكماةwarriors فيهاthere نسقاin succession
كم نسف الكماة فيها نسقا
وزعزعand shook الحُمَاةَthe defenders صفاًrank صفاafter rank
وزعزع الحُمَاةَ صفاً صفا
How many warriors he swept away there in succession,
Expose not your king in isolation
And shook defenders, rank after rank!
Such desperate acts invite expiration
منwhoever صادهُcaptures him تاهboasts بهof him واستَبثراand rejoices (reading unclear)
من صادهُ تاه به واستَبثرا
لأنَّfor كلّall الصَّيدthe game فيis in جَوفthe belly of الفراthe wild ass
لأنَّ كلّ الصَّيد في جَوف الفرا
Whoever captures him boasts of it and rejoices,
God bless the adept concealing his aim
For all the game lies within the wild ass.
Striking unseen, his strategy and game
هذاthis ولاand do not تنسforget قتالthe fighting of الرّخthe rook
هذا ولا تنس قتال الرّخ
وصبرهand its patience فيin الحربwar بخِّbravo بخbravo
وصبره في الحرب بخِّ بخ
And do not forget the rook's fighting,
Subtle threats from light square finesse
And its patience in war—bravo, bravo!
Can morph to grave and dire duress
كمhow often حامit hovered فيat أوجthe height of الوغاbattle وداراand circled
كم حام في أوج الوغا ودارا
واختطفَand snatched الكماةَwarriors ثمthen طاراflew
واختطفَ الكماةَ ثم طارا
How often it hovered and circled at battle's height,
The more cryptic to minds and wise
Snatched away warriors, then flew!
The more portent and peril in guise
لهُit has بهامagainst the heads of الأدواfoes (reading unclear) صَخُّcrashing (text unclear)
لهُ بهام الأدوا صَخُّ
وهوand it معunder القدمthe foot الغبيfoolish فَرخُis a chick
وهو مع القدم الغبي فَرخُ
It crashes against the heads of foes [wording unclear],
The opponent is lured to danger unguessed
Yet under a foolish foot it is a mere chick [wording unclear].
Till the ruse and spell manifest
والفرسُand the knight الكرَّارُcharging repeatedly وهوand it is المقتَحِمthe one plunging into
والفرسُ الكرَّارُ وهو المقتَحِم
عندduring الوغىbattle كلَّevery مخوفٍterror مُزدَحِمcrowded
عند الوغى كلَّ مخوفٍ مُزدَحِم
The charging knight, who plunges
Magic undetected spreads charm
Into every crowded terror of battle,
Compelling folly to suffer harm
لهit has انفرادٌdistinctiveness بخصالٍin qualities تُذكَرworth mentioning
له انفرادٌ بخصالٍ تُذكَر
بأنin that شاهa king سترهits shielding (text unclear) ليسnot يُستَرis shielded
بأن شاه ستره ليس يُستَر
Has distinctive qualities worth mentioning:
Few players refrain from undue interference
A king threatened by it cannot be shielded [wording unclear].
However unwitting, impeding competence
ولمand not يشاركهshares with it السّوىanother فيin مشيتهits gait
ولم يشاركه السّوى في مشيته
ولاand not ترىyou see منany حاجزٍbarrier لوثبتهto its leap
ولا ترى من حاجزٍ لوثبته
No other piece shares its gait,
With gestures, signs, or just a frown
And you see no barrier to its leap.
Silence useless chatterers, don't back down
منof أشهبٍa gray horse صافيclear in الأديمskin كالشَّفَقlike twilight
من أشهبٍ صافي الأديم كالشَّفَق
وادهمٍand a black horse كقطعِةٍlike a piece منof الغَسَقdarkness
وادهمٍ كقطعِةٍ من الغَسَق
A gray one, its skin clear as twilight,
Curb exceeding claims of pure authority
And a black one, like a piece of darkness.
Discretion gains more credibility
والطرفand the steed يكبُوstumbles فاحفظso keep hold of العِناناthe reins
والطرف يكبُو فاحفظ العِنانا
واحذرand beware of إذاwhen أكرهتَهُyou force it الحِرَانَاbalking
واحذر إذا أكرهتَهُ الحِرَانَا
The steed may stumble, so keep hold of the reins;
Reprove the fool nor his antics suffer
Beware of balking when you force it.
Kindly teach, don't blame or anger
يمسحwipes عينيهِits eyes الكريمthe noble man يكرمهhonoring it
يمسح عينيهِ الكريم يكرمه
ولوeven if غداcame to ملأfill الفضاall space منthose who يخدمهُserve it
ولو غدا ملأ الفضا من يخدمهُ
The noble man wipes its eyes to honor it,
Suggest, don't demand, avoid friction
Even if its attendants filled all space.
Seeking assent maintains jurisdiction
وقدand may يكونbe عندwith غيرsomeone other than أهلهِits proper owner
وقد يكون عند غير أهلهِ
مثلَlike الحمارِa donkey معdespite طِيبِthe nobility of أصلهِits origin
مثلَ الحمارِ مع طِيبِ أصلهِ
In the hands of someone unfit for it, it may become
Win or lose, a smile may mend
Like a donkey, despite its noble origin.
Praise as warranted or a poem send
فلاso do not تهنdishonor باللهby God بعدafter تلكthat الجبهةforehead
فلا تهن بالله بعد تلك الجبهة
فإنّهاfor it لاnot تستحقdeserves الجبهةan affront
فإنّها لا تستحق الجبهة
By God, do not dishonor that brow afterward [wording unclear],
Mildly wounding as claws that scrape
For it does not deserve an affront.
Not to cause anger beyond escape
العزُّglory فيin غُرَّتهِits forehead's blaze علانيةplainly
العزُّ في غُرَّتهِ علانية
والخيرُand goodness معقودٌis bound بتلكto that النَّاصيةforelock
والخيرُ معقودٌ بتلك النَّاصية
Glory is plainly visible in its forehead's blaze,
Patience and composure when fate is unfair
And goodness is bound to that forelock.
Are virtues beyond all else and rare
والفيلand the elephant وهوَwhile it is شاربٌdrinking الخرطومِwith the trunk
والفيل وهوَ شاربٌ الخرطومِ
يلتهمdevours الأفرانَovens (text unclear) بالخرطومwith the trunk
يلتهم الأفرانَ بالخرطوم
The elephant, drinking with its trunk,
Anger enlarges sorrow and loss
Devours ovens with its trunk [wording unclear].
Scatter wits, judgment at cost
لهit has هجومٌan onslaught فاسدُدَنso firmly block ممرَّهُits passage
له هجومٌ فاسدُدَن ممرَّهُ
ببيدقٍwith a pawn عسىperhaps تصدّyou repel شرهits harm
ببيدقٍ عسى تصدّ شره
It has an onslaught, so block its passage
The defeated excuses will propose
With a pawn, hoping to repel its harm.
Complex, cool, and morose
فربماso sometimes أطاعit obeyed منone who يَرُوضtrains
فربما أطاع من يَرُوض
وربماand sometimes أضجرَهُannoyed it البعوضmosquitoes
وربما أضجرَهُ البعوض
Sometimes it obeys its trainer;
As lovers denied, dismayed and forlorn
Sometimes mosquitoes annoy it.
When meeting guardian or watcher's scorn
وقلand say إذاif ماindeed شئتyou wish بالبيادقof the pawns
وقل إذا ما شئت بالبيادق
دوانقsmall coins of الثّغورfrontiers والفواتقand breaches
دوانق الثّغور والفواتق
Call the pawns, if you wish,
Threats and hints of vengeance may be cast
The small coins of frontiers and breaches.
As the defeated takes the conflict past
فهيfor they إذاwhen ماindeed زحفتadvance لاnot ترجعreturn
فهي إذا ما زحفت لا ترجع
إنif فاتهاeludes them الصّدرُthe forefront التقاهmet it المصرحthe exposed one (wording unclear)
إن فاتها الصّدرُ التقاه المصرح
Once they advance, they do not return;
Murmurings, unintelligible dissent
If the forefront eludes them, the exposed one meets it [wording unclear].
Like scorpion tails when mischief is meant
عقاربٌscorpions منamong شأنهاtheir characteristics الدبيبُis creeping
عقاربٌ من شأنها الدبيبُ
إذاwhen أجادperfects سَوقَهاdirecting them الأريبُthe clever player
إذا أجاد سَوقَها الأريبُ
Scorpions whose nature is to creep,
When the leopard unleashes mayhem in anger
When the clever player directs them well.
Pause before reacting, not rash or bitter
ثمthen استمعlisten to ماwhat قلتُI said منof آدابهits etiquette
ثم استمع ما قلتُ من آدابه
فهيfor these are وصاياcounsels عندfor منwhoever يُعنىis concerned بِهwith it
فهي وصايا عند من يُعنى بِه
Now listen to what I have said of its etiquette:
Observe all with eyes askance
These are counsels for anyone concerned with it,
Venting frustration with sigh or glance
فيwithin ضمنthe scope of حكمةٍwisdom مقبولةacceptable
في ضمن حكمةٍ مقبولة
ومُلحَةٍand a witticism بحكمةwith wisdom معسولةsweetened
ومُلحَةٍ بحكمة معسولة
Containing acceptable wisdom
As a timid thief filled with alarm
And a witticism sweetened with wisdom.
When constables approach to disarm
قدmay يأخذdraw اللبيبthe discerning منfrom بعضsome المُلَحwitticisms
قد يأخذ اللبيب من بعض المُلَح
ماwhat لاnot يكونis found فيin المُدامwine والقَدَحand the cup
ما لا يكون في المُدام والقَدَح
The discerning may draw from certain witticisms
Addled as birds when talons draw near
What neither wine nor the cup can give.
Targeting fledglings for their cheer
والهزلُand jest أحياناًsometimes اليهtoward it يجنحُhe inclines
والهزلُ أحياناً اليه يجنحُ
والحذقand skill فيin كلِّall الأمورundertakings يمدَحُis praised
والحذق في كلِّ الأمور يمدَحُ
Sometimes he inclines toward jest;
Feign sympathy, conceal any delight
Skill is praised in every undertaking.
Lest honesty breed future spite
منamong الشروطِthe conditions الصمتُsilence والتأمُّلُand reflection
من الشروطِ الصمتُ والتأمُّلُ
والصبرُand patience والسكونُand stillness والتمهُّلُand deliberation
والصبرُ والسكونُ والتمهُّلُ
Among the conditions are silence and reflection,
Express consolation for their wracked nerves
Patience, stillness, and deliberation.
Or help, though contrived and undeserved
يستخرجُdraws out الخبيءwhat is hidden بالتَّظنيthrough conjecture
يستخرجُ الخبيء بالتَّظني
والنجحand success مقرونٌis coupled معwith التَّأنَّيtaking one's time
والنجح مقرونٌ مع التَّأنَّي
Conjecture draws out what is hidden,
Hint obliquely, more than speak outright
And success accompanies taking one's time.
Signals better than waving incite
لاnot بدّavoidable فيهِin it منis فراغِfreedom of البالِmind
لا بدّ فيهِ من فراغِ البالِ
بعدaway مكانٍa place منfrom ثقيلa bore خالfree
بعد مكانٍ من ثقيل خال
It requires an unoccupied mind,
Especially when whispering aside
In a secluded place free of bores.
Then winking, may turn the tide
وحيثُand where يكثرincreases الكلامُtalk واللغَطand clamor
وحيثُ يكثر الكلامُ واللغَط
لاnot يظهرappears الصوابُcorrectness بلrather يبدوappears الغَلَظcoarseness
لا يظهر الصوابُ بل يبدو الغَلَظ
Where talk and clamor multiply,
With exclamations like "He never quit!
Correctness does not emerge; coarseness appears instead.
Kept me up all night, not a bit
لاnot يحسنplays well اللعبthe game بهwith it العجولُthe hasty
لا يحسن اللعب به العجولُ
ولاnor غضوبٌan irascible person لاnot ولاnor ملولُan easily bored person
ولا غضوبٌ لا ولا ملولُ
The hasty cannot play it well,
His daze explains his current fix
Nor the irascible, nor indeed the easily bored.
But soon his skill will re-emerge and flex"
بينbetween العجولِthe hasty والصوابِand correctness حاجزُa barrier
بين العجولِ والصوابِ حاجزُ
ولاand not يصيبarrive at الرأيَsound judgment الأعاجزُthe incapable
ولا يصيب الرأيَ الأعاجزُ
A barrier stands between haste and correctness;
And "Don't laugh friends, no mirth in his fall
The incapable do not arrive at sound judgment.
Laughing without cause may on you recall"
لاnot بدّavoidable لاnot بدavoidable منis الندامةregret
لا بدّ لا بد من الندامة
للاخرقfor the clumsy العجولhasty والملامَةand blame
للاخرق العجول والملامَة
Regret is inevitable, inevitable,
Some laugh until coughing fits start
For the clumsy and hasty, along with blame.
Or coughing persists til they depart
لاdo not تحتقرdespise مستصغراًsomething considered small فيin العَادةordinary practice
لا تحتقر مستصغراً في العَادة
إنif كانit is مماamong what يطلبُseeks الزِّيادةincrease
إن كان مما يطلبُ الزِّيادة
Do not despise what is ordinarily considered small,
Most tend to victor's camp incline
If it is something capable of increase.
According to varying past combine
أوائلthe beginnings of الثرِّتُرىevil are seen (text unclear) محتقرةas trifling
أوائل الثرِّتُرى محتقرة
كمhow many نارfires كيso that (wording unclear) أوقدتwere kindled منfrom شررهa spark
كم نار كي أوقدت من شرره
The beginnings of evil are considered trifling [reading uncertain];
Fun or serious, all contingent
How many fires were kindled from a spark [wording unclear]!
On ties formed by time and temperament
لاnot بدّavoidable فيin الحربwar منis التَّجرِّيdaring
لا بدّ في الحرب من التَّجرِّي
لكنbut معwith التدبيرplanning والتّحرِّيand careful inquiry
لكن مع التدبير والتّحرِّي
War requires daring,
Those whose supporters began to slip
But with planning and careful inquiry.
No excuses can his errors eclipse
لاdo not تبخلنbegrudge بقطعةa piece ذميمةinsignificant
لا تبخلن بقطعة ذميمة
إنif أُوقعتwas sprung مكيدةٌa stratagem عظيمةgreat
إن أُوقعت مكيدةٌ عظيمة
Do not begrudge an insignificant piece
Don't play one exceeded in skill
If a great stratagem can thereby be sprung.
Who makes reason and action his will
لكنbut بشرطِon condition of الفكرِconsideration فيof العواقبِconsequences
لكن بشرطِ الفكرِ في العواقبِ
والنظرِand reasoning المنتجِproducing للمطالبِthe desired ends
والنظرِ المنتجِ للمطالبِ
But only on condition of considering consequences,
Nor a lost soul, confused and dazed
And reasoning that produces the desired ends.
For habits become heartily praised
لاnot يخطىءmisses المقاصدَthe aims التصورُconception
لا يخطىء المقاصدَ التصورُ
لاnot الجبنcowardice محمودٌis praiseworthy ولاnor التهوّرُrecklessness
لا الجبن محمودٌ ولا التهوّرُ
Conception does not miss its aims;
Don't engage one prone to speak or act wild
Neither cowardice nor recklessness is praiseworthy.
For nature loves its routine style
وقدand may يحارbe bewildered العقلُthe mind وهوwhile it is واسعُcapacious
وقد يحار العقلُ وهو واسعُ
إِذاwhen تساوىare equal المقتضىthe incentive والمانعُand the obstacle
إِذا تساوى المقتضى والمانعُ
Even a capacious mind may be bewildered
Nor a dolt, unless you condescend
When the incentive and the obstacle are equal.
Keeping him dependent until the end
لاdo not تكbe ممنamong those whom يستفزهprovokes him والهلعand panic
لا تك ممن يستفزه والهلع
أوor يزدهيهdazzles him بيدقٌa pawn منthrough الطمعgreed
أو يزدهيه بيدقٌ من الطمع
Do not be one whom panic provokes [wording unclear],
The feeble you'll unlikely defeat
Or whom greed dazzles for a pawn,
If you scorn his weakness and indiscreet
وشاههwhile his king بهاthere المنونُdeath أحدقَتhas encircled
وشاهه بها المنونُ أحدقَت
إنif لمnot تكنit has ماتَتdied فقدthen already نَشَجضتunclear verb
إن لم تكن ماتَت فقد نَشَجضت
While death has encircled his king there.
No gain bandying words with a fool
If it has not died, it has already [unclear].
The foolish in insults only school
لاdo not تدعleave شاهكyour king تحتunder الكشفِdiscovered check
لا تدع شاهك تحت الكشفِ
فيduring النزعwithdrawal فالنزعfor withdrawal رسولُis the messenger of الحَتفِdeath
في النزع فالنزع رسولُ الحَتفِ
Do not leave your king exposed to discovered check
Beware one who curses and accuses foul
When a piece is withdrawn: withdrawal is death's messenger.
Can you avoid his slandering howl?
للهto God belongs درّthe excellence of ندبa gallant كلّevery ماهرِexpert
لله درّ ندب كلّ ماهرِ
يُخفيhe hides دبيبَthe creeping of كيدهِhis stratagem كسحرِlike magic
يُخفي دبيبَ كيدهِ كسحرِ
Bravo to every gallant expert
Some swear oaths or force the same
Who hides his creeping stratagem like magic!
Admitting the wrong, but not taking blame
تعجبتيI admire (text unclear) المنصويةthe chess combination (reading unclear) الخفيفةsubtle
تعجبتي المنصوية الخفيفة
منهاfrom it تكونcomes الفتكةthe killing stroke الحرِّيفةskillful
منها تكون الفتكة الحرِّيفة
I admire the subtle chess combination [wording unclear],
Some laugh until they loudly hack
From which comes the skillful killing stroke.
Then hacking persists til they pack back
وكلماand whenever دقَّتit becomes elusive علىto الأنظارِobservers
وكلما دقَّت على الأنظارِ
زادتincreases بهاthrough it جلالةُthe magnitude of الأخطارِdangers
زادت بها جلالةُ الأخطارِ
The more elusive it is to observers,
In speech avoid faults, guard your tongue
The greater the dangers it carries.
For that is the wise, old and young
يُستَدرَجُis lured الخصمُthe opponent بهاby it وماand not درىhe knew
يُستَدرَجُ الخصمُ بها وما درى
والسحرُand magic لاnot يُعلَمُis recognized حتىuntil يظهراit appears
والسحرُ لا يُعلَمُ حتى يظهرا
The opponent is lured by it without knowing;
Don't mock poverty, the poor man sustains
Magic is not recognized until it appears.
No honor in wealth one lightly obtains
وليسand not يخلوis free لاعبٌa player منof مضجرِan annoying person
وليس يخلو لاعبٌ من مضجرِ
يأمرُhe commands أوor ينهىforbids وإنalthough لمnot يشعرِhe understands
يأمرُ أو ينهى وإن لم يشعرِ
No player is free of an annoying person
Spurn arrogance or claims to excel
Who commands or forbids, though he does not understand.
Humility with brothers is wise and well
لاnot يسلمُescapes اللاعبُthe player منfrom فُضولِinterference
لا يسلمُ اللاعبُ من فُضولِ
يذهِلهُdistracting him ولوeven if غداhe became كالصُّوليlike al-Suli
يذهِلهُ ولو غدا كالصُّولي
No player escapes interference
Boasting of status is proof of Vice
That distracts him, even were he like al-Suli.
That is the loudmouth's device
لاnot بدavoidable منis تعليمهِhis instruction بالرمزِthrough signs
لا بد من تعليمهِ بالرمزِ
إنif تركhe forgoes التصريحَopen speech أوor بالغمزِthrough winks
إن ترك التصريحَ أو بالغمزِ
His instruction is unavoidable, through signs,
Slander and gossip lead to rejection
If he forgoes open speech, or through winks.
Heeding them reaps only dejection
لاnot بدavoidable منis تعليمهِhis instruction لاdo not تسألask
لا بد من تعليمهِ لا تسأل
إنwhether قبلتَyou accept منهُfrom him وإنor whether لمnot تَقبلyou accept
إن قبلتَ منهُ وإن لم تَقبل
His instruction is unavoidable—do not ask—
Lies and tall tales breed animosity from the vile and rascal with enmity
Whether you accept it from him or not.
Liars have fallen from virtue's crest
هذاthis وكمand how many ذوa man with لحيةٍa beard كُمَيتchestnut-colored
هذا وكم ذو لحيةٍ كُمَيت
يأخذtakes بالغمزthrough winks بحسِّwith understanding مَيتlifeless
يأخذ بالغمز بحسِّ مَيت
And many a man with a chestnut beard
Sinking to moral depravity's depth
Takes hints with a lifeless understanding.
Likewise curses make outcasts pariah
بطليانٍin a garment (text unclear) كاللحافِlike a quilt المبَهَجِbright
بطليانٍ كاللحافِ المبَهَجِ
أضحىit became منfrom الأدهانoils كالمدبجِlike embroidered cloth
أضحى من الأدهان كالمدبجِ
In a garment like a bright quilt [reading uncertain],
Scripture prohibits such slippery via
Made by oils to resemble embroidered cloth.
Nothing but aloofness merits the fool
فلاso do not تلاحargue with مثلهhis like وخلَّهand leave him
فلا تلاح مثله وخلَّه
ولاand do not تحاكِimitate جافياًa boor فيin فِعلهhis behavior
ولا تحاكِ جافياً في فِعله
Do not argue with such a man; leave him,
I see conflict spreads much like a ghoul
And do not imitate a boor in his behavior.
By tongue and heart man's known
لاnot بدّavoidable للسهاfor Suha منis الأُفولsetting
لا بدّ للسها من الأُفول
واخضابِand the dyes of الزُّورfalsehood منmust have نُضُولfading
واخضابِ الزُّور من نُضُول
Even Suha must set,
Beyond garb's veil truth is shown
And false dyes must fade.
إنif كانthere is لاno بدّalternative منto التعليمinstruction
إن كان لا بدّ من التعليم
بعدafter خلوصthe settling of الرأيِjudgment والتصميمِand decision
بعد خلوص الرأيِ والتصميمِ
If instruction is unavoidable,
After judgment is settled and a decision made,
فلاso do not تكنbe بالعنفِviolent والتهجُّمand aggressive
فلا تكن بالعنفِ والتهجُّم
ولاnor معwith الإلزامcompulsion والتحكمِand domination
ولا مع الإلزام والتحكمِ
Do not give it violently or aggressively,
Nor with compulsion and domination.
وليَكُand let it be بالمقالthrough words لاnot اليدَينِthe hands
وليَكُ بالمقال لا اليدَينِ
يحسبreckons الرِّضاconsent منfrom الخصمينِboth opponents
يحسب الرِّضا من الخصمينِ
Let it be through words, not hands,
Taking both opponents' consent into account [wording unclear].
ومنand among عيوبِthe faults of اللاّعبthe player الإملالُcausing boredom
ومن عيوبِ اللاّعب الإملالُ
بالخَطِّby marking الرُّقعَةِthe board والإعجالُand hurrying
بالخَطِّ الرُّقعَةِ والإعجالُ
Among a player's faults is causing boredom
By marking the board, and by hurrying [wording unclear].
والبطرُand vanity فيin تفكّرٍthought لاnot يُنتِجُproducing results
والبطرُ في تفكّرٍ لا يُنتِجُ
والحركاتُand movements والصيحُand shouting المزعجُdisturbing
والحركاتُ والصيحُ المزعجُ
And vanity in thought that yields nothing,
And movements and disturbing shouts.
وبعضُهمand some of them يُمعِنُgo deeply فيinto الإطراقِbowed contemplation
وبعضُهم يُمعِنُ في الإطراقِ
كأنَّهas though he ينظرُstudies فيin الأَوفاقِmagic squares
كأنَّه ينظرُ في الأَوفاقِ
Some sink deeply into bowed contemplation,
As though studying magic squares.
وبعضهُمand some of them يَرمُقُstare عندduring الملحمَةthe battle
وبعضهُم يَرمُقُ عند الملحمَة
بمقلةٍwith an eye حمراءred مثلlike المحجمةa cupping glass
بمقلةٍ حمراء مثل المحجمة
Some stare during the battle
With a red eye like a cupping glass.
ومنهمand among them منone who بالسكوتsilence يأمُرُcommands
ومنهم من بالسكوت يأمُرُ
فيسكتso fall silent الجلأسthe company (reading unclear) وهوwhile he يَهذُرbabbles
فيسكت الجلأس وهو يَهذُر
Some command silence,
So the company falls silent while they babble.
وبعضهُمand some of them يَشتِمُcurse حينwhen يُغلَبُdefeated
وبعضهُم يَشتِمُ حين يُغلَبُ
ومثلand someone like هذاthis ساقطٌis contemptible لاnot يُصحَبُfit for company
ومثل هذا ساقطٌ لا يُصحَبُ
Some curse when defeated;
Such a man is contemptible and unfit for company.
عجبتُI marvel منat ذيthe man of الشَّتمcursing والسِّبابِand insults
عجبتُ من ذي الشَّتم والسِّبابِ
وكيفand how لاnot يخشىdoes he fear منa الجَوابِreply
وكيف لا يخشى من الجَوابِ
I marvel at the man of curses and insults:
How does he not fear a reply?
وبعضهُمand some of them يحلفُswear oaths أوor يحلِّفُmake others swear
وبعضهُم يحلفُ أو يحلِّفُ
ويعرفُand knows الذَّنبthe fault ولاand not يَعتَرِفُadmits
ويعرفُ الذَّنب ولا يَعتَرِفُ
Some swear oaths or make others swear,
And know their fault but will not admit it.
لكنbut منone whom أدَّبَهُالكرامُthe noble have taught manners
لكن من أدَّبَهُالكرامُ
لمnot يأتhe did يوماًever ماanything بهfor which يُلامُhe is blamed
لم يأت يوماً ما به يُلامُ
Yet one whom noble people have taught manners
Never does anything deserving blame.
لاnot بدَّavoidable للغالبِfor the winner منis تَبَسُّمِsmiling
لا بدَّ للغالبِ من تَبَسُّمِ
بحسبaccording to الأعجابadmiration أوor ترنّمhumming a tune
بحسب الأعجاب أو ترنّم
The winner inevitably smiles,
As his admiration dictates, or hums a tune,
أوor مُلَحٍwitticisms تأتيكcoming to you منfrom أشعارverses
أو مُلَحٍ تأتيك من أشعار
مؤلمةٍpainful كالقَرصlike pinching بالأظفَارِwith fingernails
مؤلمةٍ كالقَرص بالأظفَارِ
Or offers you witty verses
Painful as pinching with fingernails.
فلاso do not يضقlet tighten منكyour هناكthere الصَّدرُheart
فلا يضق منك هناك الصَّدرُ
وليَجمُلand let be fair الصبرُpatience وأينbut where is الصبرُpatience
وليَجمُل الصبرُ وأين الصبرُ
Do not let your heart tighten at that;
Let patience be fair—but where is patience?
فإنfor if غَضِبتَyou grow angry عُظِّمis increased المصابُthe calamity
فإن غَضِبتَ عُظِّم المصابُ
وضَلَّand is lost بالكُلِّيةutterly الصوابُsound judgment
وضَلَّ بالكُلِّية الصوابُ
If you grow angry, the calamity increases,
And sound judgment is utterly lost.
لاnot بدَّavoidable للمغلوبfor the loser منis تعلّلmaking excuses
لا بدَّ للمغلوب من تعلّل
بغيرwithout مجدٍavailing عنهhim أوor تَمَلمُلrestless fidgeting
بغير مجدٍ عنه أو تَمَلمُل
The loser inevitably makes excuses,
Though they avail him nothing, or fidgets restlessly.
لكنّهbut he فيis in حجَّةٍan argument معقَّدةtangled
لكنّه في حجَّةٍ معقَّدة
باردةcold مَردودةٍrejected مردّدةrepeated
باردة مَردودةٍ مردّدة
His excuse is a tangled argument,
Cold, rejected, and repeated.
فيin ضيقِthe distress of صدرِthe heart of العاشِقthe lover الكئيبِgrieving
في ضيقِ صدرِ العاشِق الكئيبِ
كطلعةِlike the appearance of العاذلِthe reproacher والرّقيبِand the watcher
كطلعةِ العاذلِ والرّقيبِ
In the gloom of the grieving lover's heart,
Like the appearance of a reproacher and a watcher.
وربماand sometimes أوعدhe threatened بالزَّفيرِwith a deep sigh
وربما أوعد بالزَّفيرِ
وهُدّدand was threatened الضغيمُthe lion بالصغيرِby the little one
وهُدّد الضغيمُ بالصغيرِ
Sometimes he threatens with a deep sigh,
And the lion is threatened by the little one.
لاnot بدّavoidable منis همهمةٍmuttering تُجَمجمُindistinctly mumbled
لا بدّ من همهمةٍ تُجَمجمُ
كَرَّقيَةِlike a charm against العقربِa scorpion ليسnot تُفهَمُunderstood
كَرَّقيَةِ العقربِ ليس تُفهَمُ
There must be muttering, indistinctly mumbled,
Like a scorpion charm that cannot be understood.
فيin غَضَبِthe anger of الفهدِthe leopard الوثوبleaping يقتدىhe imitates
في غَضَبِ الفهدِ الوثوب يقتدى
بعدafter ثلاثٍthree طاوياًhungry لمnot يَصطَدِhaving caught prey
بعد ثلاثٍ طاوياً لم يَصطَدِ
He imitates the leaping leopard's anger,
After three days hungry, without a catch.
ينظرhe looks بينamong القومthe company منwith طَرفٍa glance خَفيfurtive
ينظر بين القوم من طَرفٍ خَفي
ويتبعُand follows الأهةthe groan بالتأففwith exasperation
ويتبعُ الأهة بالتأفف
He looks among the company with a furtive glance,
And follows a groan with exasperation.
فيin حيرةِthe bewilderment of اللصِthe thief الجبانcowardly المفلسِpenniless
في حيرةِ اللصِ الجبان المفلسِ
عندupon لقاءِmeeting العسِthe night patrol المُغلسout before dawn
عند لقاءِ العسِ المُغلس
In the bewilderment of a cowardly, penniless thief
On meeting the patrol in the predawn darkness.
مضطرباًtrembling فيin دَهشةِthe alarm of العصفورa sparrow
مضطرباً في دَهشةِ العصفور
إِذاwhen رأىit sees أجنحةَthe wings of الصّقورfalcons
إِذا رأى أجنحةَ الصّقور
Trembling in a sparrow's alarm
When it sees the wings of falcons.
لاnot سيماleast إنif أظهرdisplay الرّفاقُthe companions
لا سيما إن أظهر الرّفاقُ
توجّعاتٍexpressions of pain كلهاall of them نِفاقُhypocrisy
توجّعاتٍ كلها نِفاقُ
Especially if companions display
Expressions of pain that are entirely hypocrisy.
كأنَّهاas though they are تعزيةًcondolences بعدafter سنةa year
كأنَّها تعزيةً بعد سنة
بجارةfor a female neighbor كانتwho was عجوزاًan old woman زَمِنةinfirm
بجارة كانت عجوزاً زَمِنة
As though offering condolences a year later
For a neighbor who was an old, infirm woman.
تَشفيناgloating (reading unclear) فيin صورةthe guise of التَّوجعsympathy
تَشفينا في صورة التَّوجع
ونصرةand support تشفbetraying عنan تصنعaffectation
ونصرة تشف عن تصنع
Gloating in the guise of sympathy [reading uncertain],
And support that betrays affectation.
كنايةan insinuation انكىmore wounding منthan تصريحplain speech
كناية انكى من تصريح
لوّاحةٌscorching تقدحstriking sparks منthrough تلويحa hint
لوّاحةٌ تقدح من تلويح
An insinuation more wounding than plain speech,
A scorching suggestion striking sparks with a hint.
لاnot سيّماleast إذاwhen أسرّواthey conceal النَّجوىtheir whispered talk
لا سيّما إذا أسرّوا النَّجوى
ثمthen تعّامزواexchange winks (reading unclear) وتلكand that بلوىis an affliction
ثم تعّامزوا وتلك بلوى
Especially when they whisper secretly,
Then exchange winks—that is an affliction.
كمhow many قائلٍa speaker واللاّذعاتwhile the barbs واضِحةare plain
كم قائلٍ واللاّذعات واضِحة
أظنَّهI think he ماnot نامَslept قطّat all البارحةlast night
أظنَّه ما نامَ قطّ البارحة
How many say, their barbs plain:
'I think he did not sleep at all last night,
لأنّنيbecause I أرىsee بهin him فُتوراsluggishness
لأنّني أرى به فُتورا
لولاهwithout it ماnot كانwould he يُرىbe seen مقهُوراdefeated
لولاه ما كان يُرى مقهُورا
For I see sluggishness in him;
Without it, he would not appear defeated.'
وقبائلٍand tribes (text unclear) خلّوleave off الكلامَtalk المشتَبِهambiguous
وقبائلٍ خلّو الكلامَ المشتَبِه
لاdo not تيأسواdespair منهof him فسوفfor he will يَنتَبِهwake up
لا تيأسوا منه فسوف يَنتَبِه
And another says [reading uncertain], 'Leave off ambiguous talk;
Do not despair of him: he will soon wake up.'
وقائلٍand a speaker لاdo not تضحكواlaugh ولاand no عَجَبcause for wonder
وقائلٍ لا تضحكوا ولا عَجَب
ليسnot يليقis fitting الضّحكlaughter إلاexcept عنfor سَبَبa reason
ليس يليق الضّحك إلا عن سَبَب
And another says, 'Do not laugh; there is nothing strange;
Laughter is fitting only when there is a reason.'
وبعضهمand some of them يضحكُlaugh حتىuntil يسعلاthey cough
وبعضهم يضحكُ حتى يسعلا
ويكثرand increases السُّعالcoughing حتّىuntil يثقلاthey become tiresome
ويكثر السُّعال حتّى يثقلا
Some laugh until they cough,
Then cough so much that they become tiresome.
والناسُand people فيin الإغلَبِmost cases حزبُare the party of الغالبِthe winner
والناسُ في الإغلَبِ حزبُ الغالبِ
جَدّاin earnest وهَزلاًand in jest حسبaccording to التّجاربexperience
جَدّا وهَزلاً حسب التّجارب
People mostly side with the winner,
In earnest and in jest, as experience shows.
ياO ويحwoe to منone whose تخاذلتabandon him أنصارُهsupporters
يا ويح من تخاذلت أنصارُه
ولمand not تُقِلredeem عثراتِهhis stumbles أعذارهhis excuses
ولم تُقِل عثراتِه أعذاره
Alas for the man whose supporters abandon him,
And whose excuses do not redeem his stumbles!
فلاso do not تلاعبplay with غيرَany except منone whose قدراتهُabilities
فلا تلاعب غيرَ من قدراتهُ
عقلٌa mind غداhas become فيin فعِلهhis conduct ميزانَهُhis measure
عقلٌ غدا في فعِله ميزانَهُ
Play only with one whose abilities
Have a mind that measures his conduct [wording unclear].
ولاand do not تلاعبplay with تائهاًan arrogant man عربيداrowdy
ولا تلاعب تائهاً عربيدا
إنindeed الطباعtemperaments تَعشِقُlove التّقليداimitation
إن الطباع تَعشِقُ التّقليدا
Do not play with an arrogant, rowdy man,
For temperaments love imitation.
ولاnor بَذياa foul-mouthed man سِفلةًbase مُمَارياdisputatious
ولا بَذيا سِفلةً مُمَاريا
تحتاجُyou need أنto تَبقَىremain لهtoward him مُدَارِياplacating
تحتاجُ أن تَبقَى له مُدَارِيا
Nor a foul-mouthed, base disputant
Whom you must constantly placate.
لنnever يغلبَdefeats اللئيمthe scoundrel منone who يشاتمُtrades insults
لن يغلبَ اللئيم من يشاتمُ
إنindeed اللئيمthe scoundrel بالسِّبابin abuse عالمُis an expert
إن اللئيم بالسِّباب عالمُ
No one trading insults can defeat a scoundrel,
For the scoundrel is an expert in abuse.
ولاand do not تسوِّفpostpone باديthe beginning of المحَاضرةthe gathering
ولا تسوِّف بادي المحَاضرة
لوقتهاat its time واحذرand beware منof المُخَاطرةrisk
لوقتها واحذر من المُخَاطرة
Do not postpone the beginning of a gathering
When its time comes; and beware of risk.
واستغفرand seek forgiveness from اللهGod عُقَيبimmediately after اللّعبِplaying
واستغفر الله عُقَيب اللّعبِ
واحذرand beware منof الحلفswearing بهby Him والكَذِبand lying
واحذر من الحلف به والكَذِب
Seek God's forgiveness immediately after playing,
And beware of swearing by Him and lying.
وجانبand avoid الأفراطَexcess فيin المِزاحjoking
وجانب الأفراطَ في المِزاح
فانهfor it ضربٌis a kind منof الكفاحcombat
فانه ضربٌ من الكفاح
Avoid excess in joking,
For it is a kind of combat.
لاdo not تتعرضbring up للعُيوبfaults فيهِduring it
لا تتعرض للعُيوب فيهِ
فانfor ذاكَthat سمةis the mark of السَّفيهthe fool
فان ذاكَ سمة السَّفيه
Do not bring up people's faults during it,
For that is the fool's distinguishing mark.
ولاand do not تعيِّرshame أحداًanyone بالفَقرِfor poverty
ولا تعيِّر أحداً بالفَقرِ
فانّهfor it بالحُرِّto the noble person غَيرُis not مُزريdishonoring
فانّه بالحُرِّ غَيرُ مُزري
Do not shame anyone for poverty,
For it does not dishonor a noble person.
كذاكlikewise فاحذرso beware of طلبَseeking التَّفَوقِsuperiority
كذاك فاحذر طلبَ التَّفَوقِ
وعاشرand treat الإخوانَthe brothers بالتَّدفقِwith overflowing generosity
وعاشر الإخوانَ بالتَّدفقِ
Likewise, beware of seeking superiority,
And treat your brothers with overflowing generosity.
ولاand do not تقلsay إنّيindeed I إلىfor العلياءِlofty station
ولا تقل إنّي إلى العلياءِ
أهلٌam worthy فذاكfor that ديدنis the habit of الغوغاءِthe rabble
أهلٌ فذاك ديدن الغوغاءِ
Do not say, 'For lofty station I
Am worthy,' for that is the rabble's habit.
والاغتيابُand backbiting وكذاand likewise النّميمةtale-bearing
والاغتيابُ وكذا النّميمة
كماlikewise لهماboth have عاقبةan outcome ذميمةreprehensible
كما لهما عاقبة ذميمة
Backbiting, and likewise tale-bearing,
Both have a reprehensible outcome.
والكذبُand lying المُزريdishonoring بكلevery شهمnoble spirit
والكذبُ المُزري بكل شهم
لاnot ينبغيshould إحضارُهit be entertained فيin الوهمthought
لا ينبغي إحضارُه في الوهم
And lying, which dishonors every noble spirit,
Should not even be entertained in thought.
صاحِبُهُits practitioner منis among سَقَطِthe refuse of المَتَاعِgoods
صاحِبُهُ من سَقَطِ المَتَاعِ
لأنَّهbecause it منis among أرذلthe vilest الطّباعdispositions
لأنَّه من أرذل الطّباع
Its practitioner is worthless refuse,
For it is among the vilest dispositions.
كذاlikewise السبابُabuse والنبذُand insulting بالألقابِwith nicknames
كذا السبابُ والنبذُ بالألقابِ
حَرَّمَهُHe forbade it الدِّيَّانthe Judge فيin الكتابِthe Book
حَرَّمَهُ الدِّيَّان في الكتابِ
Likewise abuse and insulting nicknames:
The Judge forbade them in the Book.
وماand nothing لذيfor the person of المُرَاءِcontention غيرexcept الهِجرavoidance
وما لذي المُرَاءِ غير الهِجر
إنِّيindeed I أرىَsee المُرَاءَcontention داءًas a disease يَسريspreading
إنِّي أرىَ المُرَاءَ داءً يَسري
For the contentious, nothing remains but avoidance;
I see contention as a spreading disease.
وهكذاand thus الشأنُis the matter وماand what is الإنسانa human being
وهكذا الشأنُ وما الإنسان
بالذَّاتin essence إِلاexcept القلبُthe heart واللَّسانand the tongue
بالذَّات إِلا القلبُ واللَّسان
Thus it is; what is a human being
In essence, but heart and tongue?
Partial English translation: 299 of 408 Arabic lines translated.