بدتappeared لجفونكbefore your eyelids العبرlessons
بدت لجفونك العبر
ولاand no فكرthought ولاand no نظرreflection
ولا فكر ولا نظر
Lessons have appeared before your eyes,
yet there is neither thought nor reflection.
وأنذرتand warned النّهيthe intellects فصممso you turned deaf (word begins)
وأنذرت النّهي فصمم
تyou (verb ending) عماfrom what ألفتyou grew accustomed to النّذرthe warnings
ت عما ألفت النّذر
They warned the intellect, yet you turned
deaf to the warnings you had known.
ولمand did not تحفلpay heed بأحقابto long ages
ولم تحفل بأحقاب
لكfor you الأيامthe days والعصرand time
لك الأيام والعصر
You paid no heed to long ages—
the days and time that are yours.
وأهملتand squandered الصّباyouth سفهاًfoolishly
وأهملت الصّبا سفهاً
فهذاso here is الشيبgray hair والكبرand old age
فهذا الشيب والكبر
You squandered youth foolishly;
now here are gray hair and old age.
تطيلyou prolong مناكyour hopes مجتهداًdiligently
تطيل مناك مجتهداً
وعمركand your life خانهbetrayed it القصرshortness
وعمرك خانه القصر
You diligently prolong your hopes,
but brevity has betrayed your life.
وتعطيand you offer أيُّهاO you المغروthe deluded one (word begins)
وتعطي أيُّها المغرو
رcompletion of 'deluded' منof عصيانهاdisobedience to them غررchoice examples
ر من عصيانها غرر
You offer, O deluded one,
choice displays of disobedience to them.
وتجحدand you deny فضلthe bounty منof Him who شهدتwas witnessed
وتجحد فضل من شهدت
لهfor Him الآصالthe evenings والبكرand the mornings
له الآصال والبكر
You deny the bounty of Him to whom
evenings and mornings bear witness.
وفيهand in Him شواهدproofs التّوحيdivine unity (word begins)
وفيه شواهد التّوحي
دcompletion of 'unity' بيّنةٌclear ولاand no بصرsight
د بيّنةٌ ولا بصر
In Him, the proofs of divine unity
are plain, yet there is no sight.
تعالىexalted is ملكthe dominion منof Him who خضعتbowed
تعالى ملك من خضعت
لهbefore Him الأرواحُthe spirits والصورand the forms
له الأرواحُ والصور
Exalted is the dominion of Him before whom
spirits and forms bow down,
ومنand of Him who نطقتtestified بفطرتهto His act of creation
ومن نطقت بفطرته
يقيناًwith certainty هذهthese الفطرinnate natures
يقيناً هذه الفطر
and of Him whose act of creation
these innate natures proclaim with certainty.
إلهُa God ليسnot يلحقafflicts ملsovereignty (word begins)
إلهُ ليس يلحق مل
كَهُHis sovereignty (word ending) نقصٌdeficiency ولاand no غيرchange
كَهُ نقصٌ ولا غير
A God whose sovereignty is untouched
by deficiency or change.
وربٌand a Lord لاnot تحومhover علىover
وربٌ لا تحوم على
سوىanything other than آياتهHis signs الفكرthoughts
سوى آياته الفكر
A Lord—thoughts hover over
nothing beyond His signs.
فلمso did not ينكرdeny أدلَّّتهHis proofs
فلم ينكر أدلَّّته
صحيحsound in العقلmind مُدَّكِرُone who takes heed
صحيح العقل مُدَّكِرُ
Thus His proofs are not denied
by one sound of mind who takes heed.
ولمand did not ينسبascribe إلىto أحدanyone
ولم ينسب إلى أحد
سواهother than Him النَّفعbenefit والضَّررand harm
سواه النَّفع والضَّرر
Nor does one ascribe to anyone
but Him either benefit or harm.
لهHe has منfrom خلقهHis creation حججproofs
له من خلقه حجج
وفيand in تصريفهمthe ordering of them عبرlessons
وفي تصريفهم عبر
In His creation He has proofs,
and in His ordering of them are lessons.
غنّيself-sufficient لاno افتقارneed لهfor Him
غنّي لا افتقار له
ونحنand we إليهof Him نفتقرstand in need
ونحن إليه نفتقر
Self-sufficient, He has no need,
while we stand in need of Him.
فسبحانso glory to اللطيفthe Gentle One بناwith us
فسبحان اللطيف بنا
وبأسand the severity of الخطبcalamity منتشرwidespread
وبأس الخطب منتشر
So glory to Him who is gentle with us,
while the violence of calamity spreads.
وسبحانand glory to الذيHim who يُعصىis disobeyed
وسبحان الذي يُعصى
فيعفوyet pardons وهوwhile He مقتدرis all-powerful
فيعفو وهو مقتدر
And glory to Him who is disobeyed,
yet pardons, though all-powerful.
لهHis are فيat كلevery شارقةsunrise
له في كل شارقة
أيادٍfavors ليسnot تنحصرare countable
أيادٍ ليس تنحصر
At every sunrise, His are
favors beyond all counting.
وهلand can they تخفىbe hidden وقدwhen already وَضُحَتhave become clear
وهل تخفى وقد وَضُحَت
لهاof them بوجوهناupon our faces غُررbright marks
لها بوجوهنا غُرر
Can they be hidden, when there have appeared
bright marks of them upon our faces?
رياضُgardens المنِّof bounty باسقةٌrising tall
رياضُ المنِّ باسقةٌ
ففيهاso in them الظلshade والثمرand fruit
ففيها الظل والثمر
The gardens of His bounty rise tall;
in them are shade and fruit.
وخيرand the best of جميعهاall of them أثراًin effect
وخير جميعها أثراً
إذاwhen ماemphasis عدَّتwere counted الخِيَرُthe blessings
إذا ما عدَّت الخِيَرُ
And best of all in its effect,
when blessings are counted,
إمامُan imam يأمُرُcommands الدنياthe world
إمامُ يأمُرُ الدنيا
بطاعتهto obey him فتأتمرso it obeys
بطاعته فتأتمر
is an imam who commands the world
to obey him, and it obeys.
إلىto المنصورal-Mansur منتسبaffiliated
إلى المنصور منتسب
وبالرحمنand through the All-Merciful منتصرvictorious
وبالرحمن منتصر
He is affiliated with al-Mansur,
and victorious through the All-Merciful.
شديدstrong شكائمthe bridle-bits of العزماتthe resolves
شديد شكائم العزمات
ساعةat a time when تضعفُgrow weak المررstrengths
ساعة تضعفُ المرر
Strong are the bridles of his resolves
when strength grows weak.
إذاwhen ماemphasis ناظرهsomeone challenges him
إذا ما ناظره
تكادalmost الأرضthe earth تنفطرsplits apart
تكاد الأرض تنفطر
Whenever someone challenges him,
the earth almost splits apart.
هوhe is الدُّنياworldly life لناfor us والدِّينand faith
هو الدُّنيا لنا والدِّين
وهوand he is الصَّحوfair weather والمطرand rain
وهو الصَّحو والمطر
He is our worldly life and our faith;
he is fair weather and rain.
لهhe has منfrom بأسهhis valor عددarmaments
له من بأسه عدد
ومنand from عزماتهhis resolves نفرtroops
ومن عزماته نفر
His valor furnishes him with armaments,
and his resolves with troops.
فإنso if يصبحhe becomes خليفتناour caliph
فإن يصبح خليفتنا
فنعمthen excellent is الركنthe pillar والوزرand the refuge
فنعم الركن والوزر
If he becomes our caliph,
what a fine pillar and refuge!
وإنand if نصبحwe become رعيتهhis subjects
وإن نصبح رعيته
فسعدthen good fortune ساقهbrought it القدرdestiny
فسعد ساقه القدر
And if we become his subjects,
what fortune destiny has brought!
سمعناwe heard ثمthen أبصرناwe saw
سمعنا ثم أبصرنا
فطابso pleasing were الخُبرُexperience والخَبَرُand report
فطاب الخُبرُ والخَبَرُ
We heard, then saw,
and both experience and report proved pleasing.
وردناwe came to water نحوtoward نائلهhis bounty
وردنا نحو نائله
فلذَّso sweet were الوردthe approach to water والصدرand the departure
فلذَّ الورد والصدر
We came to drink from his bounty,
and sweet were both approach and return.
فقدfor indeed أغنىhe enriched الورىall people فضلاًthrough bounty
فقد أغنى الورى فضلاً
فأثرىso became wealthy البدوthe nomads والحضرand the townsfolk
فأثرى البدو والحضر
His bounty has enriched all people,
making nomads and townsfolk wealthy.
وقدand indeed وسعhe embraced الورىall people عدلاًwith justice
وقد وسع الورى عدلاً
فلاso no حذرfear ولاand no ضررharm
فلا حذر ولا ضرر
His justice has embraced all people,
so there is neither fear nor harm.
وفاقand surpassed النّاسall people قاطبةًaltogether
وفاق النّاس قاطبةً
فلمso did not يعدلequate بهwith him بشرany mortal
فلم يعدل به بشر
He has surpassed all people,
and no mortal is ranked his equal.
وكيفand how يحيفacts unjustly ملتزمone committed
وكيف يحيف ملتزم
لماto what جاءتbrought بهit السُّورthe Qur'anic chapters
لما جاءت به السُّور
How could one act unjustly who is committed
to what the Qur'anic chapters have brought?
يروحroams at evening اللَّيثthe lion والأروىand the ibex
يروح اللَّيث والأروى
وتعدand run والشاةand the sheep والنَّمِرُand the leopard
وتعد والشاة والنَّمِرُ
The lion and ibex roam at evening,
and the sheep and leopard run.
تحلتadorned itself يمنهhis good fortune الدنياthe world
تحلت يمنه الدنيا
فلمso did not يعزبremain absent لهاfor her وطرany desire
فلم يعزب لها وطر
The world is adorned by his good fortune,
and no desire of hers is left unmet.
فكلُّso all بلادهاher lands زهرare blossoms
فكلُّ بلادها زهر
وكلُّand all زمانهاher time سحرis dawn
وكلُّ زمانها سحر
Every land of hers is blossom,
and every hour of hers is dawn.
لهhe has جودٌgenerosity كأنas though البحرthe sea
له جودٌ كأن البحر
تطفوfloat فوقهupon it الدُّررthe pearls
تطفو فوقه الدُّرر
His generosity is like a sea
with pearls floating upon it.
وحِلمٌand forbearance هلhave رأيتyou seen الطَّوthe mountain (word begins)
وحِلمٌ هل رأيت الطَّو
دcompletion of 'mountain' لاno ريحwind ولاand no قترdust
د لا ريح ولا قتر
And his forbearance—have you seen a mountain
with neither wind nor dust?
وبأسٌand might هلhave لمحتyou glimpsed النَّارthe fire
وبأسٌ هل لمحت النَّار
لاnot تبقىspares ولاand not تذرleaves
لا تبقى ولا تذر
And his might—have you glimpsed the fire
that spares nothing and leaves nothing?
سيكفيهwill suffice him العداagainst the enemies ظفرvictory
سيكفيه العدا ظفر
بظهرin the hidden realm of الغيبthe unseen مدَّخرstored away
بظهر الغيب مدَّخر
Victory will suffice him against his foes,
stored away in the unseen,
وأدعيةٌand prayers تؤكدهاstrengthen them
وأدعيةٌ تؤكدها
دموعtears العينof the eye والسهرand sleeplessness
دموع العين والسهر
and prayers strengthened
by tears of the eye and sleeplessness.
وطائفةٌand a company موحدةٌaffirming divine unity
وطائفةٌ موحدةٌ
لنصرto uphold الحَقِّthe truth تبتدرhastens
لنصر الحَقِّ تبتدر
And a company affirming divine unity
hastens to uphold the truth.
فقدfor indeed وثقتit became certain بأنَّthat الفتvictory (word begins)
فقد وثقت بأنَّ الفت
حcompletion of 'victory' فيagainst الأعداءthe enemies منتظرawaited
ح في الأعداء منتظر
It is certain that victory
over the enemies is awaited.
فلمso did not يعرضbefall لهاit فشلfailure
فلم يعرض لها فشل
ولمand did not يقعدhold back بهاit خورfaintheartedness
ولم يقعد بها خور
No failure has befallen it,
nor has faintheartedness held it back.
لهاit has منfrom سمرهاits dark spears شجرa forest
لها من سمرها شجر
ومنand from راياتهاits banners زهرblossoms
ومن راياتها زهر
Its dark spears form a forest,
and its banners form blossoms.
إذاwhen ركبواthey ride حسبتyou would think البحthe sea (word begins)
إذا ركبوا حسبت البح
رcompletion of 'sea' فوقabove البحرthe sea ينهمرpours down
ر فوق البحر ينهمر
When they ride, you would think a sea
is pouring down upon another sea.
وإنand if حملواthey charge ظننتyou would think النَّاthe fire (word begins)
وإن حملوا ظننت النَّا
رcompletion of 'fire' تحتbeneath الرِّيحthe wind تستعرblazes
ر تحت الرِّيح تستعر
And when they charge, you would think fire
is blazing beneath the wind.
كأنas though قتامهمtheir battle dust سُحُبٌwere clouds
كأن قتامهم سُحُبٌ
وفيهاand within them الشُّهبthe meteors تنكدرtumble
وفيها الشُّهب تنكدر
Their battle dust is like clouds,
within which meteors tumble.
كماةٌarmored champions خيرةchosen men نجبnoble men
كماةٌ خيرة نجب
حماةٌprotectors ذادةٌdefenders صُبُرُsteadfast men
حماةٌ ذادةٌ صُبُرُ
Armored champions, chosen and noble,
protectors, defenders, steadfast.
أمامَهُمُbefore them إمامُهُمُtheir imam
أمامَهُمُ إمامُهُمُ
وحسبكمand enough for you فنقتصرso we say no more
وحسبكم فنقتصر
Before them stands their imam;
that is enough for you, so we say no more.
وكيفand how تضلgoes astray طائفةٌa company
وكيف تضل طائفةٌ
يسيرmarches أمامهاbefore it القمرthe moon
يسير أمامها القمر
How could a company go astray
with the moon marching before it?
تَقَدَّمُهُمgoes before them بَسَالَتُهُhis valor
تَقَدَّمُهُم بَسَالَتُهُ
وفيهاand within it البيضbright swords والسمرand dark spears
وفيها البيض والسمر
His valor goes before them,
and there are bright swords and dark spears.
وتكنفهمand surrounds them سعادتهُhis good fortune
وتكنفهم سعادتهُ
فلاso no خوفfear ولاand no خَوَرُweakness
فلا خوف ولا خَوَرُ
His good fortune surrounds them,
so there is neither fear nor weakness.
فلاso do not تحذرfear أعاديهhis enemies
فلا تحذر أعاديه
فهمfor they لسيوفهfor his swords جزرare slaughter-beasts
فهم لسيوفه جزر
Do not fear his enemies:
they are slaughter-beasts for his swords.
ولاand do not ترهبdread مناوئهhis adversary
ولا ترهب مناوئه
وإنeven if أملىgives respite لهto him البطرarrogance
وإن أملى له البطر
Nor dread his adversary,
even if arrogance gives him free rein.
إذاwhen سيمتare appraised رقاقslender blades الهندof India
إذا سيمت رقاق الهند
لمnot تعدلare equated بهاwith them الإِبرneedles
لم تعدل بها الإِبر
When slender Indian swords are appraised,
needles are not reckoned their equals.
وإنand if زأرتroar ليوثthe lions الغيلof the thicket
وإن زأرت ليوث الغيل
لمnot تثبتstand firm لهاagainst them الحمرwild asses
لم تثبت لها الحمر
And when the lions of the thicket roar,
wild asses cannot stand against them.
فياso O منyou whom غرَّهdeceived him ناظرهhis gaze
فيا من غرَّه ناظره
جهامrainless clouds مالهاthey have no مطرrain
جهام مالها مطر
O you whom your own gaze has deceived—
barren clouds, bearing no rain.
أفقawake فاللَّيثfor the lion مطّلعis looming
أفق فاللَّيث مطّلع
عليكover you وأنتwhile you منتظرare waiting
عليك وأنت منتظر
Awake! The lion is looming
over you, while you wait.
أغرّكhas it deceived you حلمهhis forbearance زمناًfor a while
أغرّك حلمه زمناً
ستعلمyou will know حينwhen تختبرyou test him
ستعلم حين تختبر
Has his forbearance deceived you for a while?
You will know when you put him to the test.
يلينfeels soft الغمدthe scabbard تلمسهyou touch it
يلين الغمد تلمسه
وفيهand within it الصَّارمthe keen sword الذَّكرthe hard, virile one
وفيه الصَّارم الذَّكر
The scabbard feels soft to your touch,
yet within it lies the keen, virile sword.
كذاكlikewise النارthe fire ساكنةis still
كذاك النار ساكنة
وتحتand beneath سكونهاits stillness الشَّررsparks
وتحت سكونها الشَّرر
So too the fire lies still,
with sparks beneath its stillness.
كأنيas though I عنabout; perhaps 'if' here عرضتyou confront لهhim
كأني عن عرضت له
ولاand no عينvisible presence ولاand no أثرtrace
ولا عين ولا أثر
I can almost see you, [if] you confront him:
no sign or trace of you remains.
فبادرso hasten to بابthe door منof one who يعفوpardons
فبادر باب من يعفو
لمنthose who يهفوerr فيعتذرthen apologize
لمن يهفو فيعتذر
So hasten to the door of one who pardons
those who err and then apologize.
وأيقنand be certain أنthat أمرthe command of اللّGod (word begins)
وأيقن أن أمر اللّ
هcompletion of 'God' عقدa necklace ليسnot ينتثرscatters
ه عقد ليس ينتثر
And know with certainty that God's command
is a necklace whose beads never scatter.
وسوفand you will تنالreceive ماwhat يجنيinflicts
وسوف تنال ما يجني
عليكupon you الغَدرtreachery ياO غَدِرُtreacherous one
عليك الغَدر يا غَدِرُ
You will receive what treachery brings
upon you, O treacherous one.
تذكّرremember ماwhat الذيthat which انقلبتended up
تذكّر ما الذي انقلبت
بهwith it أشباهكthose like you الآخرthe others
به أشباهك الآخر
Remember what became
of the others who were like you.
خليفتناour caliph هوhe is المنصورal-Mansur
خليفتنا هو المنصور
فاحتفلواso muster all you can أوor احتضرواlie dying
فاحتفلوا أو احتضروا
Our caliph is al-Mansur;
so muster all you can, or face death.
سيعلوwill rise الصَّفوthe pure مرتفعاًon high
سيعلو الصَّفو مرتفعاً
ويسفلand sinks تحتهbeneath it الكدرthe dregs
ويسفل تحته الكدر
The pure will rise on high,
while the dregs sink beneath it.
ومنand whoever كانis الهدىguidance معهwith him
ومن كان الهدى معه
فمضمونthen guaranteed لهto him الظَّفرis victory
فمضمون له الظَّفر
Whoever has guidance with him
is assured of victory.