كَيفَhow السَبيلُthe way إِلىto طَيفٍa dream-phantom يُزاوِرُهُvisiting him
كَيفَ السَبيلُ إِلى طَيفٍ يُزاوِرُهُ
وَالنَومُand sleep فيamong جُملَةِthe company of الأَحبابِloved ones هاجِرُهُdeserting him
وَالنَومُ في جُملَةِ الأَحبابِ هاجِرُهُ
How can he receive a visiting dream-phantom,
when sleep, among his loved ones, has deserted him?
الحُبُّlove آمِرُهُhis commander وَالصَونُand self-restraint زاجِرُهُhis restrainer
الحُبُّ آمِرُهُ وَالصَونُ زاجِرُهُ
وَالصَبرُand patience أَوَّلُthe first ماتَأتيthat comes أَواخِرُهُits endings
وَالصَبرُ أَوَّلُ ماتَأتي أَواخِرُهُ
Love commands him, and self-restraint checks him;
and patience is the first thing to reach its end.
أَناI الَّذيthe one who إِنif صَباgrew enamored أَوor شَفَّهُwore him thin غَزَلٌamorous passion
أَنا الَّذي إِن صَبا أَو شَفَّهُ غَزَلٌ
فَلِلعَفافِthen for chastity وَلِلتَقوىand for piety مَآزِرُهُhis waist-wraps
فَلِلعَفافِ وَلِلتَقوى مَآزِرُهُ
I am one who, if he grows enamored or passion wears him thin,
keeps his waist-wraps for chastity and piety.
وَأَشرَفُand noblest الناسِhumankind أَهلُthe people of الحُبِّlove مَنزِلَةٍin rank
وَأَشرَفُ الناسِ أَهلُ الحُبِّ مَنزِلَةٍ
وَأَشرَفُand noblest الحُبِّlove ماعَفَّتthat is chaste سَرائِرُهُits inward secrets
وَأَشرَفُ الحُبِّ ماعَفَّت سَرائِرُهُ
Lovers are the noblest people in rank,
and the noblest love is that whose inward secrets are chaste.
ماwhat بالُails لَيلِيَmy night لاnot تَسريtravel كَواكِبُهُits stars
ما بالُ لَيلِيَ لا تَسري كَواكِبُهُ
وَطَيفُand the phantom of عَزَّةَAzza لاnot يَعتادُreturns habitually زائِرُهُits visitor
وَطَيفُ عَزَّةَ لا يَعتادُ زائِرُهُ
What ails my night, that its stars do not travel,
and Azza's phantom never returns as a visitor?
مَنwhoever لاnot يَنامُsleeps فَلاthen no صَبرٌpatience يُؤازِرُهُsupports him
مَن لا يَنامُ فَلا صَبرٌ يُؤازِرُهُ
وَلاand no خَيالٌdream-image عَلىacross شَحطٍa great distance يُزاوِرُهُvisits him
وَلا خَيالٌ عَلى شَحطٍ يُزاوِرُهُ
Whoever does not sleep has no patience to uphold him,
nor any dream-image to visit him across the distance.
ياساهِراًO sleepless one لَعِبَتtoyed أَيديthe hands of الفِراقِparting بِهِwith him
ياساهِراً لَعِبَت أَيدي الفِراقِ بِهِ
فَالصَبرُthen patience خاذِلُهُhis deserter وَالدَمعُand tears ناصِرُهُhis supporter
فَالصَبرُ خاذِلُهُ وَالدَمعُ ناصِرُهُ
O sleepless one, toyed with by the hands of parting—
patience forsakes him, and tears come to his aid.
إِنَّindeed الحَبيبَthe beloved الَّذيwhom هامَwas infatuated الفُؤادُthe heart بِهِwith him
إِنَّ الحَبيبَ الَّذي هامَ الفُؤادُ بِهِ
يَنامُsleeps عَنheedless of طولِthe length of لَيلٍa night أَنتَyou ساهِرُهُawake through it
يَنامُ عَن طولِ لَيلٍ أَنتَ ساهِرُهُ
The beloved with whom the heart is madly in love
sleeps heedless of the long night you spend awake.
ماwhatever أَنسَI forget لاnot أَنسَI forget يَومَthe day of البَينِparting مَوقِفَناwhere we stood
ما أَنسَ لا أَنسَ يَومَ البَينِ مَوقِفَنا
وَالشَوقُand longing يَنهىforbids البُكىweeping عَنّيfrom me وَيَأمُرُهُand commands it
وَالشَوقُ يَنهى البُكى عَنّي وَيَأمُرُهُ
Whatever I forget, I will not forget where we stood on parting day,
while longing forbade my weeping and commanded it,
وَقَولَهاand her words وَدُموعُwhile the tears of العَينِthe eye واكِفَةٌare streaming
وَقَولَها وَدُموعُ العَينِ واكِفَةٌ
هَذاthis الفِراقُthe separation الَّذيthat كُنّاwe were نُحاذِرُهُdreading it
هَذا الفِراقُ الَّذي كُنّا نُحاذِرُهُ
and her words, as tears streamed from her eyes:
'This is the separation we used to dread.'
هَلwill أَنتِyou يارِفقَةَO company of العُشّاقِlovers مُخبِرَتيtelling me
هَل أَنتِ يارِفقَةَ العُشّاقِ مُخبِرَتي
عَنِabout الخَليطِthe companions الَّذيwhose زُمَّتwere bridled أَباعِرُهُtheir camels
عَنِ الخَليطِ الَّذي زُمَّت أَباعِرُهُ
Will you, O company of lovers, tell me
of the companions whose camels were bridled?
وَهَلand did رَأَيتِyou see أَمامَbefore الحَيِّthe clan جارِيَةًa maiden
وَهَل رَأَيتِ أَمامَ الحَيِّ جارِيَةً
كَالجُؤذَرِlike an oryx calf الفَردِthe solitary one تَقفوهُfollow it جَآذِرُهُits oryx calves
كَالجُؤذَرِ الفَردِ تَقفوهُ جَآذِرُهُ
And did you see, before the clan, a maiden
like a lone oryx calf followed by its fellow calves?
وَأَنتَand you ياO راكِباًrider يُزجيurges onward مَطِيَّتُهُhis mount
وَأَنتَ يا راكِباً يُزجي مَطِيَّتُهُ
يَستَطرِقُvisits by night الحَيَّthe camp لَيلاًat night أَوor يُباكِرُهُcomes to it at dawn
يَستَطرِقُ الحَيَّ لَيلاً أَو يُباكِرُهُ
And you, O rider who urges on his mount,
visiting the camp by night or reaching it at dawn,
إِذاwhen وَصَلتَyou arrive فَعَرِّضthen allude بيto me وَقُلand say لَهُمُto them
إِذا وَصَلتَ فَعَرِّض بي وَقُل لَهُمُ
هَلdoes واعِدُthe giver of الوَعدِthe promise يَومَon the day of البَينِparting ذاكِرُهُremember it
هَل واعِدُ الوَعدِ يَومَ البَينِ ذاكِرُهُ
when you arrive, allude to me and say to them:
'Does the giver of the promise on parting day remember it?'
ماhow أَعجَبَwondrous الحُبَّlove يُمسيcomes to be at evening طَوعَobedient to جارِيَةٍa maiden
ما أَعجَبَ الحُبَّ يُمسي طَوعَ جارِيَةٍ
فيin الحَيِّthe clan مَنone whom عَجَزَتproved powerless عَنهُagainst him مَساعِرُهُits battle-kindlers
في الحَيِّ مَن عَجَزَت عَنهُ مَساعِرُهُ
How wondrous love is: at evening, a maiden rules
a man in the clan whom its battle-kindlers could not subdue.
وَيَتَّقيand he is wary of الحَيَّthe clan مِنof جاءٍone arriving وَغادِيَةٍand a woman out at dawn
وَيَتَّقي الحَيَّ مِن جاءٍ وَغادِيَةٍ
كَيفَhow الوُصولُreaching إِذاwhen مانامَhas slept سامِرُهُits night-talker
كَيفَ الوُصولُ إِذا مانامَ سامِرُهُ
And he fears the clan's arrivals and morning-goers;
how can he reach her when its night-talker sleeps?
ياO أَيُّهاyou العاذِلُreproacher الراجيhoping for إِنابَتَهُhis repentance
يا أَيُّها العاذِلُ الراجي إِنابَتَهُ
وَالحُبُّwhile love قَدalready نَشِبَتhas sunk فيهِinto him أَظافِرُهُits claws
وَالحُبُّ قَد نَشِبَت فيهِ أَظافِرُهُ
O reproacher, hoping for his repentance,
when love has already sunk its claws into him,
لاتُشعِلَنَّdo not kindle فَماfor he does not يَدريknow بِحُرقَتِهِin his burning anguish
لاتُشعِلَنَّ فَما يَدري بِحُرقَتِهِ
أَأَنتَare you عاذِلُهُhis reproacher أَمor أَنتَyou عاذِرُهُone who excuses him
أَأَنتَ عاذِلُهُ أَم أَنتَ عاذِرُهُ
do not stoke the flame: in his burning, he cannot tell
whether you reproach him or excuse him.
وَراحِلٍand one departing أَوحَشَleft desolate الدُنياthe world بِرِحلَتِهِby his departure
وَراحِلٍ أَوحَشَ الدُنيا بِرِحلَتِهِ
وَإِنand though غَداًtomorrow مَعَهُwith him قَلبيmy heart يُسايِرُهُtravels beside him
وَإِن غَداً مَعَهُ قَلبي يُسايِرُهُ
And a traveler left the world desolate by his departure,
though tomorrow my heart will be with him, traveling beside him.
هَلwill أَنتَyou مُبلِغُهُtell him عَنّيon my behalf بِأَنَّthat لَهُfor him
هَل أَنتَ مُبلِغُهُ عَنّي بِأَنَّ لَهُ
وُدّاًaffection تَمَكَّنَhas taken firm root فيin قَلبيmy heart يُجاوِرُهُkeeps it company
وُدّاً تَمَكَّنَ في قَلبي يُجاوِرُهُ
Will you tell him on my behalf that for him
affection has taken firm root in my heart, keeping it company;
وَأَنَّنيand that I مَنone whose صَفَتare pure مِنهُfrom him سَرائِرُهُhis secret thoughts
وَأَنَّني مَن صَفَت مِنهُ سَرائِرُهُ
وَصَحَّand is sound باطِنُهُhis inward self مِنهُfrom him وَظاهِرُهُand his outward self
وَصَحَّ باطِنُهُ مِنهُ وَظاهِرُهُ
and that I am one whose secret thoughts are pure,
and whose inward and outward selves are sincere?
وَماand not أَخوكَyour brother الَّذيthe one whom يَدنوdraws near بِهِwith him نَسَبٌlineage
وَما أَخوكَ الَّذي يَدنو بِهِ نَسَبٌ
لَكِنbut أَخوكَyour brother الَّذيthe one whose تَصفوare pure ضَمائِرُهُhis inner thoughts
لَكِن أَخوكَ الَّذي تَصفو ضَمائِرُهُ
Your brother is not he whom lineage draws close,
but he whose innermost thoughts are pure.
وَأَنَّنيand that I واصِلٌkeep ties with مَنwhomever أَنتَyou واصِلُهُkeep ties with him
وَأَنَّني واصِلٌ مَن أَنتَ واصِلُهُ
وَأَنَّنيand that I هاجِرٌshun مَنwhomever أَنتَyou هاجِرُهُshun him
وَأَنَّني هاجِرٌ مَن أَنتَ هاجِرُهُ
And that I keep ties with whomever you keep ties with,
and that I shun whomever you shun;
وَلَستُand I am not واجِدَpossessing شَيءٍanything أَنتَyou عادِمُهُlacking it
وَلَستُ واجِدَ شَيءٍ أَنتَ عادِمُهُ
وَلَستُand I am not غائِبَabsent from شَيءٍanything أَنتَyou حاضِرُهُpresent at it
وَلَستُ غائِبَ شَيءٍ أَنتَ حاضِرُهُ
I possess nothing that you lack,
and I am absent from nothing where you are present.
وافىarrived كِتابُكَyour letter مَطوِيّاًfolded عَلىaround نُزَهٍdelights
وافى كِتابُكَ مَطوِيّاً عَلى نُزَهٍ
يَحارُis bewildered سامِعُهُits hearer فيهِby it وَناظِرُهُand its beholder
يَحارُ سامِعُهُ فيهِ وَناظِرُهُ
Your letter arrived, folded around delights;
its hearer and its beholder are bewildered by it.
فَالعَينُthen the eye تَرتَعُgrazes فيماon what خَطَّwrote كاتِبُهُits scribe
فَالعَينُ تَرتَعُ فيما خَطَّ كاتِبُهُ
وَالسَمعُand hearing يَنعَمُdelights فيماin what قالَsaid شاعِرُهُits poet
وَالسَمعُ يَنعَمُ فيما قالَ شاعِرُهُ
The eye grazes on what its scribe has written,
and the ear delights in what its poet has said.
فَإِنthen if وَقَفتُI stand أَمامَbefore الحَيِّthe clan أُنشِدُهُreciting it
فَإِن وَقَفتُ أَمامَ الحَيِّ أُنشِدُهُ
وَدَّwish الخَرائِدُthe secluded maidens لَوthat تُقنىcould be acquired جَواهِرُهُits jewels
وَدَّ الخَرائِدُ لَو تُقنى جَواهِرُهُ
If I stand before the clan and recite it,
the secluded maidens wish they could possess its jewels.
أَباO Abu الحُصَينِal-Huṣayn وَخَيرُand the best of القَولِspeech أَصدَقُهُits truest
أَبا الحُصَينِ وَخَيرُ القَولِ أَصدَقُهُ
أَنتَyou الصَديقُthe friend الَّذيwhose طابَتhave proved good مَخابِرُهُhis tested qualities
أَنتَ الصَديقُ الَّذي طابَت مَخابِرُهُ
Abu al-Huṣayn—and the best speech is the truest—
you are the friend whose tested qualities are good.
لَولاwere it not for اِعتِذارُthe excuse of أَخِلّائيmy close friends بِكَby invoking you اِنصَرَفواthey would depart
لَولا اِعتِذارُ أَخِلّائي بِكَ اِنصَرَفوا
بِوَجهِwith the face of خَزيانَa shamefaced man لَمnot تُقبَلwere accepted مَعاذِرُهُhis excuses
بِوَجهِ خَزيانَ لَم تُقبَل مَعاذِرُهُ
Had my friends not pleaded you as their excuse, they would have left
with the face of a shamefaced man whose excuses were refused.
أَينَwhere الخَليلُthe friend الَّذيwhose يُرضيكَpleases you باطِنُهُhis inward self
أَينَ الخَليلُ الَّذي يُرضيكَ باطِنُهُ
مَعَamid الخُطوبِcalamities كَماjust as يُرضيكَpleases you ظاهِرُهُhis outward self
مَعَ الخُطوبِ كَما يُرضيكَ ظاهِرُهُ
Where is the friend whose inward self pleases you
amid calamities, just as his outward self does?
أَمّاas for الكِتابُthe letter فَإِنّيfor I لَستُam not أَقرَؤُهُreading it
أَمّا الكِتابُ فَإِنّي لَستُ أَقرَؤُهُ
إِلّاexcept that تَبادَرَhastens فَوقَover الدُرِّthe pearls ناثِرُهُtheir scatterer
إِلّا تَبادَرَ فَوقَ الدُرِّ ناثِرُهُ
As for the letter, I never read it
without the pearl-scatterer hastening over its pearls.
يَجريflow الجُمانُthe pearl-beads عَلىover مِثلِthe likeness of الجُمانِpearl-beads بِهِupon it
يَجري الجُمانُ عَلى مِثلِ الجُمانِ بِهِ
وَيَنشُرُand scatters الدُرَّthe pearls فَوقَover الدُرِّthe pearls ناثِرُهُtheir scatterer
وَيَنشُرُ الدُرَّ فَوقَ الدُرِّ ناثِرُهُ
Pearl-beads flow over their likeness upon it,
and their scatterer strews pearls upon pearls.
أَناI الَّذيthe one whose لايُصيبُdoes not strike الدَهرُtime عِترَتَهُhis kin
أَنا الَّذي لايُصيبُ الدَهرُ عِترَتَهُ
وَلاand not يَبيتُspends the night عَلىin خَوفٍfear مُجاوِرُهُhis neighbor
وَلا يَبيتُ عَلى خَوفٍ مُجاوِرُهُ
I am one whose kin time cannot strike,
and whose neighbor never spends the night in fear.
يُمسيcomes to evening وَكُلُّwhile every بِلادٍland حَلَّهاhe settled in it وَطَنٌa homeland
يُمسي وَكُلُّ بِلادٍ حَلَّها وَطَنٌ
وَكُلُّand every قَومٍpeople غَداhe goes forth فيهِمamong them عَشائِرُهُhis kindred
وَكُلُّ قَومٍ غَدا فيهِم عَشائِرُهُ
At evening, every land he has settled in is his homeland,
and every people he goes among are his kindred.
وَماand not تُمَدُّare stretched لَهُfor him الأَطنابُthe tent-ropes فيin بَلَدٍa land
وَما تُمَدُّ لَهُ الأَطنابُ في بَلَدٍ
إِلّاwithout تَضَعضَعَbeing shaken باديهِits nomads وَحاضِرُهُand its townsfolk
إِلّا تَضَعضَعَ باديهِ وَحاضِرُهُ
No tent-ropes are stretched for him in any land
without its nomads and townsfolk being shaken.
لِيَmine is التَخَيُّرُthe choice مُشتَطّاًoverreaching وَمُنتَصِفاًand taking a fair share
لِيَ التَخَيُّرُ مُشتَطّاً وَمُنتَصِفاً
وَلِلأَفاضِلِand for the noble بَعديafter me ماwhat أُغادِرُهُI leave behind
وَلِلأَفاضِلِ بَعدي ما أُغادِرُهُ
Mine is the choice, whether I overreach or take my rightful share,
and the noble have, after me, whatever I leave.
وَكَيفَand how تَنتَصِفُcan exact redress الأَعداءُthe enemies مِنfrom رَجُلٍa man
وَكَيفَ تَنتَصِفُ الأَعداءُ مِن رَجُلٍ
العِزُّmight أَوَّلُهُhis beginning وَالمَجدُand glory آخِرُهُhis end
العِزُّ أَوَّلُهُ وَالمَجدُ آخِرُهُ
How can enemies exact redress from a man
whose beginning is might and whose end is glory?
زاكيpure الأُصولِin roots كَريمُnoble النَبعَتَينِin both ancestral branches وَمَنand whoever
زاكي الأُصولِ كَريمُ النَبعَتَينِ وَمَن
زَكَتare pure أَوائِلُهُhis beginnings طابَتare good أَواخِرُهُhis endings
زَكَت أَوائِلُهُ طابَت أَواخِرُهُ
Pure of roots, noble in both ancestral branches—and whoever
has pure beginnings has worthy ends.
فَمِنfor from سَعيدِSa'id بنِson of حَمدانٍHamdan وِلادَتُهُhis birth
فَمِن سَعيدِ بنِ حَمدانٍ وِلادَتُهُ
وَمِنand from عَلِيِّAli بنِson of عَبدِAbd (servant of) اللَهِAllah (God) سائِرُهُthe rest of him
وَمِن عَلِيِّ بنِ عَبدِ اللَهِ سائِرُهُ
His birth is from Sa'id ibn Hamdan,
and the rest of him is from Ali ibn Abd Allah:
القائِلُthe speaker الفاعِلُthe doer المَأمونُsecure against نَبوَتُهُhis faltering
القائِلُ الفاعِلُ المَأمونُ نَبوَتُهُ
وَالسَيِّدُand the lord الأَيِّدُthe mighty المَيمونُauspicious طائِرُهُhis omen
وَالسَيِّدُ الأَيِّدُ المَيمونُ طائِرُهُ
the man of word and deed whose faltering need not be feared,
the mighty lord whose omen is auspicious.
بَنىbuilt لَناfor us العِزَّmight مَرفوعاًraised high دَعائِمُهُits pillars
بَنى لَنا العِزَّ مَرفوعاً دَعائِمُهُ
وَشَيَّدَand raised المَجدَglory مُشتَدّاًmade firm مَرائِرُهُits twisted cords
وَشَيَّدَ المَجدَ مُشتَدّاً مَرائِرُهُ
He built us might with its pillars raised high,
and raised up glory with its twisted cords made firm.
فَماso not فَضائِلُناour virtues إِلّاexcept فَضائِلُهُhis virtues
فَما فَضائِلُنا إِلّا فَضائِلُهُ
وَلاand not مَفاخِرُناour sources of pride إِلّاexcept مَفاخِرُهُhis sources of pride
وَلا مَفاخِرُنا إِلّا مَفاخِرُهُ
Our virtues are nothing but his virtues,
and our sources of pride are nothing but his.
لَقَدindeed فَقَدتُI lost أَبيmy father طِفلاًas a child فَكانَso became أَبيmy father
لَقَد فَقَدتُ أَبي طِفلاً فَكانَ أَبي
مِنَamong الرِجالِmen كَريمُnoble العودِof stock ناضِرُهُflourishing in it
مِنَ الرِجالِ كَريمُ العودِ ناضِرُهُ
I lost my father as a child; my father thereafter was
a man of noble stock, fresh and flourishing.
فَهوَso he اِبنُthe son of عَمِّيَmy paternal uncle دُنياclosely related حينَwhen أَنسُبُهُI trace his lineage
فَهوَ اِبنُ عَمِّيَ دُنيا حينَ أَنسُبُهُ
لَكِنَّهُbut he لِيَto me مَولىًa patron لاnot أُناكِرُهُI disavow him
لَكِنَّهُ لِيَ مَولىً لا أُناكِرُهُ
He is my close paternal cousin when I trace his lineage,
but to me he is a patron whom I do not disavow.
مازالَhas always been ليfor me نَجوَةًa refuge مِمّاfrom what أُحاذِرُهُI fear
مازالَ لي نَجوَةً مِمّا أُحاذِرُهُ
لازالَmay he always remain فيin نَجوَةٍsafety مِمّاfrom what يُحاذِرُهُhe fears
لازالَ في نَجوَةٍ مِمّا يُحاذِرُهُ
He has always been my refuge from what I fear;
may he always be safe from what he fears.
وَإِنَّماand only وَقَّتِhas allotted time to الدُنياthe world مُوَقِّتَهاits timekeeper
وَإِنَّما وَقَّتِ الدُنيا مُوَقِّتَها
مِنهُfrom him وَعُمِّرَand was granted long life لِلإِسلامِfor Islam عامِرُهُits builder
مِنهُ وَعُمِّرَ لِلإِسلامِ عامِرُهُ
The world has only allotted time to its own timekeeper
in him, and Islam's builder has been granted long life.
هَذاthis كِتابُthe letter of مَشوقِyearning in القَلبِheart مُكتَئِبٍsorrowful
هَذا كِتابُ مَشوقِ القَلبِ مُكتَئِبٍ
لَمdid not يَألُstint ناظِمُهُits versifier جُهداًeffort وَناثِرُهُand its prose-writer
لَم يَألُ ناظِمُهُ جُهداً وَناثِرُهُ
This is a letter from one yearning of heart and sorrowful;
its versifier and prose-writer have spared no effort.
وَقَدand already سَمَحتُI freely offered غَداةَon the morning of البَينِparting مُبتَدِئاًbeginning
وَقَد سَمَحتُ غَداةَ البَينِ مُبتَدِئاً
مِنَof الجَوابِthe reply بِوَعدٍwith a promise أَنتَyou ذاكِرُهُremember it
مِنَ الجَوابِ بِوَعدٍ أَنتَ ذاكِرُهُ
On parting's morning I freely offered, as a beginning
to my reply, a promise you remember.
بَقيتَmay you live ماas long as غَرَّدَتsing وُرقُthe gray ones among الحَمامِdoves وَماand as long as اِسstart of 'pours down'
بَقيتَ ما غَرَّدَت وُرقُ الحَمامِ وَما اِس
تَهَلَّcompletion of 'pours down' مِنfrom مونَقِthe lovely الوَسمِيِّautumn rain باكِرُهُits first shower
تَهَلَّ مِن مونَقِ الوَسمِيِّ باكِرُهُ
May you live as long as the gray doves sing, and as long as
the first of the lovely autumn rains pours down,
حَتّىuntil تُبَلَّغَyou are brought to أَقصىthe utmost ماتُؤَمِّلُهُof what you hope for
حَتّى تُبَلَّغَ أَقصى ماتُؤَمِّلُهُ
مِنَof الأُمورِaffairs وَتُكفىand are spared ماتُحاذِرُهُwhat you fear
مِنَ الأُمورِ وَتُكفى ماتُحاذِرُهُ
until you attain the utmost of what you hope for
in all affairs, and are spared what you fear.