مَنْwhoever كانَwas يَبغيseeks عُلُوَّloftiness الذِّكْرِrenown والشَّرَفاand honor
مَنْ كانَ يَبغي عُلُوَّ الذِّكْرِ والشَّرَفا
أوor يَبتغيseeks عَطْفَfavor دَهْرِtime قدalready نَباturned away وَجفاand grew harsh
أو يَبتغي عَطْفَ دَهْرِ قد نَبا وَجفا
Whoever seeks exalted renown and honor,
Whoever yearns for glory and renown
or seeks the favor of time that has turned away and grown harsh,
Or craves the fickle world's esteem
أوor كانَwas يأمَلُhopes عِندَwith اللهِGod منزِلَةًa station
أو كانَ يأمَلُ عِندَ اللهِ منزِلَةً
تُنيلُهُgrants him قُرَبَnearness الأبرارِthe righteous والزَّلَفاand closeness
تُنيلُهُ قُرَبَ الأبرارِ والزَّلَفا
or hopes for a station with God
Or hopes from God a lofty station
that grants him the righteous ones' closeness and nearness to Him,
That grants him nearness to the righteous and the dear
أوor كانwas يطلُبُseeks ديناًa faith يستقيمُlives uprightly بهِby it
أو كان يطلُبُ ديناً يستقيمُ بهِ
ولاand not يرىsees عِوَجاًcrookedness فيهِin it ولاnor جَنَفاdeviation
ولا يرى عِوَجاً فيهِ ولا جَنَفا
or seeks a faith by which to live uprightly,
Or seeks true faith to guide his way
and sees in it neither crookedness nor deviation,
With no crookedness or deviance therein
أوor كانَwas ينشدُseeks ممَّاfor what فاتَهُpassed him by خَلَفاًa replacement
أو كانَ ينشدُ ممَّا فاتَهُ خَلَفاً
فلْيَخدمthen let him serve المَلِكَthe king العَدْلَthe just الرَّضِيَّthe worthy خَلَفاKhalaf
فلْيَخدم المَلِكَ العَدْلَ الرَّضِيَّ خَلَفا
or seeks a replacement for what has passed him by,
Or longs to regain what he has lost
let him serve the just and worthy king, Khalaf,
Then let him serve this just king as a loyal heir
الوارِثَthe inheritor العَدْلَjustice والعَلْياءَand lofty glory منfrom سَلَفٍforebears
الوارِثَ العَدْلَ والعَلْياءَ من سَلَفٍ
حَثَواthey flung بعَليائِهِمْwith their lofty glory فيin وَجهِthe face مَنْthose who سَلَفاcame before
حَثَوا بعَليائِهِمْ في وَجهِ مَنْ سَلَفا
who inherited justice and lofty glory from forebears
The heir of justice and nobility from ancestors
who flung their lofty glory in the face of those who came before;
Who spurred their nobleness despite whoever came before
المُؤثِرَthe one preferring القَصْدِmoderation فيin أنحاءِthe aspects سؤدُدِهِhis lordship
المُؤثِرَ القَصْدِ في أنحاءِ سؤدُدِهِ
فإنْbut if أرادَhe intends عَطاءَgiving آثَرَhe prefers السَّرَفاextravagance
فإنْ أرادَ عَطاءَ آثَرَ السَّرَفا
who favors moderation in the various aspects of his lordship,
The one who favors moderation in all his rules
but when he intends to give, he favors extravagance.
If he wishes to give, he prefers extravagance
إذاwhen التوىtwists عُنُقٌa neck ولَّىhe entrusts حكومَتَهُits judgment
إذا التوى عُنُقٌ ولَّى حكومَتَهُ
سيفاًa sword إذاwhen ماan emphatic particle اقتضىclaims حَقَّاًa right لهُdue to him انتَصَفاobtains redress
سيفاً إذا ما اقتضى حَقَّاً لهُ انتَصَفا
When a neck twists in defiance, he entrusts its judgment
When a neck turns stubborn, his rule turns it
to a sword that exacts redress whenever it claims his due.
To a sword if a right of his calls for vengeance
وإنand if بداappears كَلَفٌa blemish فيon وجهِthe face مكرُمَةٍa noble deed
وإن بدا كَلَفٌ في وجهِ مكرُمَةٍ
جلاhe clears away بلاwithout كُلَفٍtrouble عَنfrom وَجهِهِits face الكَلَفاthe blemish
جلا بلا كُلَفٍ عَن وَجهِهِ الكَلَفا
And if a blemish appears on the face of a noble deed,
And if reluctance shows in an honored face
he clears the blemish from its face without trouble.
He swiftly removes it without hesitation or pause
رضاهُhis favor يصرفُwards off عمَّنْfrom whoever يستجيرُseeks refuge بهِwith him
رضاهُ يصرفُ عمَّنْ يستجيرُ بهِ
صَرفَthe ravages الزَّمانِtime إذاwhen ماan emphatic particle نابُهُits fang صَرَفاgnashes
صَرفَ الزَّمانِ إذا ما نابُهُ صَرَفا
His favor wards off, from whoever seeks refuge with him,
His pleasure turns away from whoever seeks his refuge
the ravages of time, whenever its fang gnashes.
Like time turns away whenever it shifts course
إذاwhen اقشَعرَّshudders زَمانٌtime منfrom جُدوبَتهِits barrenness
إذا اقشَعرَّ زَمانٌ من جُدوبَتهِ
أغنىenriches الورىall people وكفىand suffices جودٌbounty لهof his وَكَفاpours down
أغنى الورى وكفى جودٌ له وَكَفا
When time shudders from its barrenness,
When a time recoils from its own barrenness
his streaming bounty enriches all people and meets their needs.
His generosity enriches the land and suffices, no less
بسخطِهby his wrath يدَعُhe leaves الأفلاكَthe celestial spheres خائفَةًafraid
بسخطِه يدَعُ الأفلاكَ خائفَةً
والشَّمسَand the sun حائرَةًbewildered والبَدْرَand the full moon مُنْكَسِفاeclipsed
والشَّمسَ حائرَةً والبَدْرَ مُنْكَسِفا
By his wrath he leaves the celestial spheres afraid,
His wrath leaves the stars in fear
and the sun bewildered and the full moon eclipsed.
The sun bewildered, the moon eclipsed
يرىhe regards التَّوقُّفَفيhesitation in يَومَيْthe two days of وغىbattle ونَدىand bounty
يرى التَّوقُّفَفي يَومَيْ وغى ونَدى
وَصْماًa blemish فإنْbut if عنَّarises رأيٌa judgment مُشكِلٌperplexing وَقَفاhe pauses
وَصْماً فإنْ عنَّ رأيٌ مُشكِلٌ وَقَفا
He deems hesitation on days of battle and bounty
He sees caution on days of zeal and fervor
a blemish; but if a perplexing question of judgment arises, he pauses.
And fasting, though if an intricate view appears, he pauses
للهto God, expressing admiration نَصْلٌa blade ضئيلٌslender فيin أنامِلِهِhis fingers
لله نَصْلٌ ضئيلٌ في أنامِلِهِ
أعادَrestored حَظِّيmy fortune سَميناًplump بَعدَafter ماa temporal particle نَحفاit grew lean
أعادَ حَظِّي سَميناً بَعدَ ما نَحفا
God be praised for the slender blade in his fingers,
God's blade in his fingers is thin
which made my fortune plump again after it had grown lean!
Yet he returned my fortune robust after it grew weak
يهينُhe holds cheap أموالَهُhis wealth كيso that يَستفيدَhe may gain بِهاthrough it
يهينُ أموالَهُ كي يَستفيدَ بِها
عِزَّاًhonor يُؤَثِّلُfirmly establishes فيin أعقابِهِhis descendants الشَّرفاnobility
عِزَّاً يُؤَثِّلُ في أعقابِهِ الشَّرفا
He holds his wealth cheap, that through it he may gain
He debases his riches to profit from them
honor that firmly roots nobility in his descendants.
Honor that proliferates in its footsteps
والمَرءُand a man لِلَّومِfor blame فيin أحوالِهشhis circumstances هَدَفٌa target
والمَرءُ لِلَّومِ في أحوالِهش هَدَفٌ
إنْif لمnot يكُنْis مالُهُhis wealth مِنfrom دُونِهِin front of him هَدَفاa target
إنْ لم يكُنْ مالُهُ مِن دُونِهِ هَدَفا
And a man, in his affairs, is a target for blame,
And man is a target for blame in his states
unless his wealth is a target set before him.
If his wealth is not beneath him, a target
لاnot يلحقُreaches الواصِفُthe describer المطريُّlavish in praise معانيَهُhis qualities
لا يلحقُ الواصِفُ المطريُّ معانيَهُ
وإنand even if يكُنْhe is سابِقاًforemost فيin كُلِّall ماthat وَصَفاhe describes
وإن يكُنْ سابِقاً في كُلِّ ما وَصَفا
No lavish eulogist can encompass his qualities,
The eulogizing poet al-Mutarri does not match his meanings
even if he is foremost in everything he describes.
Though he surpasses all he described