إذاwhen ماever (conditional emphasis) علاhe rose فيin الصدرthe foremost seat والنهىand prohibition (likely والنهي) والأمرand command
إذا ما علا في الصدر والنهى والأمر
وبثهماand he spreads them both فيin النفعbenefit منهfrom him وفيand in الضرharm
وبثهما في النفع منه وفي الضر
Whenever he rises to the foremost rank, wielding prohibition and command,
When he rises to the foremost seat, forbidding and commanding,
and exercises them both, whether to benefit or to harm,
And issues both, to benefit or to harm,
وأجرىand he set running طباexpertly أقلامهhis pens وتدفقتand flowed forth
وأجرى طبا أقلامه وتدفقت
بديهتهhis spontaneous eloquence كالمستمدlike one drawing a supply منfrom البحرthe sea
بديهته كالمستمد من البحر
and sets the blades of his pens flowing, while there pours forth
And deftly sets his pens running, and there gushes forth
his ready wit, like one drawing from the sea,
His ready eloquence, as though drawing from the sea,
رأيتyou saw نظامthe stringing of الدرpearls فيin نظمthe versifying of قولهhis speech
رأيت نظام الدر في نظم قوله
ومتشورهand its scattered pearls (likely ومنثوره) الرقراقshimmering فيin ذلكthat النثرprose
ومتشوره الرقراق في ذلك النثر
you see pearls strung in the composition of his words,
You see pearls strung together in the verse of his speech,
and their scattered gems, limpid and glistening, in that prose.
And their scattered shimmer in that prose.
ويقتضبand he condenses المعنىthe meaning الكثيرabundant بلفظةinto a single word
ويقتضب المعنى الكثير بلفظة
ويأتيand he comes بماwith what تحويcontain الطواميرthe scrolls فيin سطرone line
ويأتي بما تحوي الطوامير في سطر
He compresses abundant meaning into a single word,
And he condenses abundant meaning into a single word,
and conveys in one line what great scrolls contain.
And brings into one line what scrolls contain.
أياO غرةglory of الدهرthe age ائتنفbegin anew غرةthe beginning of الشهرthe month
أيا غرة الدهر ائتنف غرة الشهر
وقابلand greet هلالthe crescent of الفطرEid al-Fitr فيon ليلةthe night of الفطرEid al-Fitr
وقابل هلال الفطر في ليلة الفطر
O glory of the age, inaugurate the month’s first day,
O glory of the age, enter upon the month's beginning,
and greet the crescent of Eid al-Fitr on the night of Fitr
And greet the crescent of Eid al-Fitr on the festival's night,
بأيمنwith the most auspicious إقبالarrival واسعدand the happiest طائرomen
بأيمن إقبال واسعد طائر
وأفضلand the best of ماwhat ترجوهyou hope for it منfrom أفسحthe longest span of العمرlife
وأفضل ما ترجوه من أفسح العمر
with the most blessed advent and happiest omen,
With the most auspicious arrival and the happiest omen,
and with the finest thing you hope for: the fullest span of life.
And the best you hope for from the longest life.
مضىhas departed عنكfrom you شهرthe month of الصومfasting يشهدbearing witness صادقاtruthfully
مضى عنك شهر الصوم يشهد صادقا
بطهركto your purity فيهwithin it واجتنابكand your avoidance للوررof sin (likely للوزر)
بطهرك فيه واجتنابك للورر
The month of fasting has passed from you, bearing truthful witness
The month of fasting has departed from you, bearing truthful witness
to your purity throughout it and your avoidance of sin.
To your purity within it and your avoidance of sin.
فأكرمhow noble, then بماis what حطset down (likely خط: wrote) الحفيظانthe two guardian angels منهماof them both
فأكرم بما حط الحفيظان منهما
وأثنىand praised بهfor it المثنيthe praiser وأطرىand extolled بهfor it المطريthe eulogist
وأثنى به المثني وأطرى به المطري
How noble is what the two guardian angels recorded of those two virtues,
How noble what the two guardian angels recorded of both,
for which the praiser praised and the extoller lavished praise.
And for which the praiser praised you and the eulogist extolled you!
وركتكand attested your purity (likely وزكتك) أوراقthe pages of المصاحفQur'an copies وانتهىand reached
وركتك أوراق المصاحف وانتهى
إلىto اللهGod منهاfrom them طولthe length of درسكyour recitation والدكرand remembrance (likely والذكر)
إلى الله منها طول درسك والدكر
The pages of Qur’an codices wore you thin, and there rose
And the Qur'an's pages attested your purity, and there ascended
from them to God your long recitation and remembrance—
To God, from them, your long recitation and remembrance,
وقبضكand your withholding كفthe hand of البطشpunishment عنfrom كلevery مجرمoffender
وقبضك كف البطش عن كل مجرم
وبسطكهاand your extending it بالعرفwith kindness والخيرand goodness والبرand charity
وبسطكها بالعرف والخير والبر
your restraining the hand of violence from every wrongdoer,
And your withholding the punishing hand from every offender,
and extending it in kindness, goodness, and righteousness.
And your extending it in kindness, goodness, and charity.
وقدand indeed جاءhas come شوالShawwal فشالتand then fled نعامةthe ostrich of الصthe fasting (word begins)
وقد جاء شوال فشالت نعامة الص
يامcompletion of الصيام: fasting وأبدand substituted (verb continues) لناfor us (completes وأبدلنا) النعيمbliss منin place of الضرhardship
يام وأبد لنا النعيم من الضر
Now Shawwal has come: away has flown the ostrich of fast—
And Shawwal has come; fasting's ostrich has fled,
—ing, and bliss has replaced hardship for us.
And bliss has replaced hardship for us.
وضجتand she cried out حبيسthe captive of الدنthe wine jar منfrom طولthe length of حبسهاher confinement
وضجت حبيس الدن من طول حبسها
ولامتand she reproached علىfor طولthe length of التجنبavoidance والهجرand abandonment
ولامت على طول التجنب والهجر
The wine held captive in the jar cried out at its long confinement,
And the wine jar's captive cried out at her long confinement,
reproaching this prolonged abstinence and estrangement.
And reproached you for prolonged avoidance and neglect.
وأبرزهاand brought her forth منfrom قعرa depth أسودblack مظلمdark
وأبرزها من قعر أسود مظلم
كإشراقlike the rising of بدرa full moon مشرقone radiant in اللونcomplexion كالبدرlike the full moon
كإشراق بدر مشرق اللون كالبدر
Bring it forth from a black and lightless depth,
And she was brought forth from a black, dark depth,
like the radiance of a full moon, bright in hue as the full moon.
Like a full moon rising, by one whose complexion shone like the full moon.
إذاwhen ضمهاembraces her والوردand the rose فوةhis mouth (likely فوه) وكفهand his palm
إذا ضمها والورد فوة وكفه
فلاthen there is no فرقdifference بينbetween اللونcolor والطعمand taste والتشرand fragrance (likely والنشر)
فلا فرق بين اللون والطعم والتشر
When his mouth and palm clasp it and the rose,
When his mouth and palm embrace her and the rose,
no distinction remains between color, taste, and fragrance.
There is no difference in color, taste, or fragrance.
وتحسبهand you imagine him إذas سلسلpoured in a fine stream الكأسthe cup ناظماstringing
وتحسبه إذ سلسل الكأس ناظما
علىupon الكوكبthe star الدريbrilliant سمطاa necklace منof الدرpearls
على الكوكب الدري سمطا من الدر
You would think him, as he sends the cup coursing, a jeweler stringing
And you would think him, as he pours the cup, stringing
around a brilliant star a necklace of pearls.
A necklace of pearls upon the brilliant star.