رَأَيتُI saw زِياداًZiyad يَجتَوينيhe detests me بِشَرِّهِwith his malice
رَأَيتُ زِياداً يَجتَويني بِشَرِّهِ
وَأُعرِضُand I turn away عَنهُfrom him وَهوَand he بادٍexposed مَقاتِلُهhis vulnerable points
وَأُعرِضُ عَنهُ وَهوَ بادٍ مَقاتِلُه
I saw Ziyad loathing me in his malice,
And I turn away from him, though his vulnerable points lie exposed.
وَكُلُّand every امرىءٍman واللَهُand God بِالناسabout people عالِمٌknowing
وَكُلُّ امرىءٍ واللَهُ بِالناس عالِمٌ
لَهُhe has عادَةٌa habit قامَتwere founded عَلَيهاupon it شَمائِلُهُhis dispositions
لَهُ عادَةٌ قامَت عَلَيها شَمائِلُهُ
And every man—and God knows mankind—
Has a habit on which his character is built,
تَعَوَّدَهاhe became accustomed to it فيماduring what مَضىpassed مِنof شَبابِهِhis youth
تَعَوَّدَها فيما مَضى مِن شَبابِهِ
كَذَلِكَthus يَدعوcalls forth كُلَّevery أَمرٍaffair أَوائِلُهits beginnings
كَذَلِكَ يَدعو كُلَّ أَمرٍ أَوائِلُه
Which he grew used to in the bygone days of his youth;
Thus every affair is called forth by its beginnings.
وَيُعجِبُهُand it pleases him صَفحيmy pardon لَهُtoward him وَتَحمُّليand my forbearance
وَيُعجِبُهُ صَفحي لَهُ وَتَحمُّلي
وَذوand one possessing الجَهلِignorance يُحذيbestows الفُحشَabuse مَنwhoever لاnot يُعاجِلُهpromptly retaliates against him
وَذو الجَهلِ يُحذي الفُحشَ مَن لا يُعاجِلُه
And my pardon of him and my forbearance please him;
And a fool heaps abuse on one who does not promptly retaliate.
فَقُلتُso I said لَهُto him ذَرنيleave me وَشَأنيَand my affairs إِنَّناindeed we
فَقُلتُ لَهُ ذَرني وَشَأنيَ إِنَّنا
كِلاناboth of us عَليهِupon him مَعمَلٌa task فَهوَso he عامِلُهperforms it
كِلانا عَليهِ مَعمَلٌ فَهوَ عامِلُه
So I said to him: Leave me to my affairs; as for us,
Each has a task laid upon him, and he performs it.
فَلَولاbut were it not for الَّذيwhat قَدmay يُرتَجىbe hoped for مِنfrom رَجائِهِhope placed in him
فَلَولا الَّذي قَد يُرتَجى مِن رَجائِهِ
لَجَرَّبتَyou would surely have experienced مِنّيfrom me بَعضَsome ماwhat أَنتَyou جاهِلُهunaware of it
لَجَرَّبتَ مِنّي بَعضَ ما أَنتَ جاهِلُه
But for what may be gained by placing hope in him,
You would have experienced from me some of what you do not know.
لَجَرَّبتَyou would surely have learned أَنّيthat I أَجلِبُI bring الغَيَّharm مَنwhoever غَوىacted wickedly
لَجَرَّبتَ أَنّي أَجلِبُ الغَيَّ مَن غَوى
عَليَّagainst me وَأَجزيand I repay ماwhat جَزىhe dealt out وَأُطاوِلُهand I vie with him
عَليَّ وَأَجزي ما جَزى وَأُطاوِلُه
You would have learned that I bring harm upon whoever acts wickedly
Against me; I repay what he has dealt out, and vie with him.
كَماjust as كُنتَyou were لَوif آخَيتَنيyou befriended me لَوَجَدتَنيyou would surely have found me
كَما كُنتَ لَو آخَيتَني لَوَجَدتَني
أُكارِمُI vie in generosity with مَنwhoever آخَيتُهُI befriended him وَأُباذِلُهand I share freely with him
أُكارِمُ مَن آخَيتُهُ وَأُباذِلُه
Likewise, had you taken me as a brother, you would have found me
Vying in generosity with anyone I befriend, and sharing freely with him.
وَذوand one given to خَطلٍfoolishness فيin القَولِspeech ماwhatever يَعتَرِضpresents itself لَهُto him
وَذو خَطلٍ في القَولِ ما يَعتَرِض لَهُ
مِنَof القَولِtalk مِنfrom ذيone possessing إِربَةٍshrewdness فَهوَso he قَائِلُهsays it
مِنَ القَولِ مِن ذي إِربَةٍ فَهوَ قَائِلُه
And a man of foolish speech—whatever comes his way
Of talk from a shrewd man, he repeats it.
ونَمٍّand a talebearer ظَنونٍsuspicious مُستَظَنٍّmistrusted مُلَعَّنٍmuch-cursed
ونَمٍّ ظَنونٍ مُستَظَنٍّ مُلَعَّنٍ
لُحومُflesh الصَديقِof a friend لَهوُهُhis amusement وَمآكِلُهand his meals
لُحومُ الصَديقِ لَهوُهُ وَمآكِلُه
And a suspicious, mistrusted, much-cursed talebearer,
A friend's flesh is his amusement and his food.
تَجاوَزتُI overlooked عَمّاover what قالَhe said ليto me واحتَسَبتُهُand I sought reward for bearing it
تَجاوَزتُ عَمّا قالَ لي واحتَسَبتُهُ
وَكانَand it was مِنَamong الذَنبِsin الَّذيwhich هوَhe نائِلُهincurs it
وَكانَ مِنَ الذَنبِ الَّذي هوَ نائِلُه
I overlooked what he said to me, seeking reward for bearing it;
And it was among the sins he himself incurred.
فَقُلتُso I said لِنَفسيto myself والتَذَكُّرُand reflection كَالنُهىlike reason
فَقُلتُ لِنَفسي والتَذَكُّرُ كَالنُهى
أَتَسخَطُdo you resent ماwhat يَأَتيhe brings بِهِwith it وَتُماثِلُهand act like him
أَتَسخَطُ ما يَأَتي بِهِ وَتُماثِلُه
So I said to myself—and reflection is like reason—
Do you resent what he does, yet behave just like him?
فَكَدَّso he strained قَليلاًa little ثُمَthen صَدَّhe turned away وَقَدand already بَنَتbecame visible (reading uncertain)
فَكَدَّ قَليلاً ثُمَ صَدَّ وَقَد بَنَت
عَلىdespite كُرهِهِhis unwillingness أَنيابُهُhis fangs وَأَنامِلُهand his fingertips
عَلى كُرهِهِ أَنيابُهُ وَأَنامِلُه
So he strained a little, then turned away, though there appeared
Despite himself, his fangs and fingertips.
فَماso not إِنemphatic particle تَرانيyou see me ضَرَّنيhe harmed me إِذwhen تَرَكتُهُI left him
فَما إِن تَراني ضَرَّني إِذ تَرَكتُهُ
بِظَهريbehind my back وَأَشقىand the most wretched الناسِof people بِالشَرِّthrough evil فاعِلُهits doer
بِظَهري وَأَشقى الناسِ بِالشَرِّ فاعِلُه
So you see, he did me no harm when I left him
Behind me; evil's doer is the one who suffers most from it.
وَمُؤتَمَنٍand one trusted بِالسِرِّwith a secret أَوثَقتُI secured سِرَّهُhis secret
وَمُؤتَمَنٍ بِالسِرِّ أَوثَقتُ سِرَّهُ
مَعwith القَلبِthe heart مَقروناًbound بِهِto it لاnot يُزايِلُهparts from it
مَع القَلبِ مَقروناً بِهِ لا يُزايِلُه
And one trusted with a secret—I bound his secret fast,
To my heart, bound to it, never leaving it.
وَأَسمَعتُand I made hear مَنwhoever أَخشىI fear عَليهِfor him مَغازِلَspindles (verbal evasions) الthe
وَأَسمَعتُ مَن أَخشى عَليهِ مَغازِلَ ال
حَديثِspeech وَأَحراسُand the guardians of الحَديثِspeech مَغازِلُهits spindles (verbal evasions)
حَديثِ وَأَحراسُ الحَديثِ مَغازِلُه
And I let the one I fear for hear the spindles of
Speech; the guardians of speech are its spindles.
وَصاحِبَand a companion صِدقٍsincerity ذيpossessing حَياءٍmodesty وَجُرأَةٍand courage
وَصاحِبَ صِدقٍ ذي حَياءٍ وَجُرأَةٍ
يَنالُreaches الصَديقَthe friend نَصرُهُhis aid وَفواضِلُهand his favors
يَنالُ الصَديقَ نَصرُهُ وَفواضِلُه
And a true companion, possessed of modesty and courage,
Whose help and favors reach his friend,
كَريمٍgenerous حَليمٍforbearing يَكسِبُhe earns الحَمدَpraise والنَدىand bounty
كَريمٍ حَليمٍ يَكسِبُ الحَمدَ والنَدى
إِذاwhen الوَرَعُthe cautious man الهَيّابُtimid قَلَّتbecame few نَوافِلُهhis gifts
إِذا الوَرَعُ الهَيّابُ قَلَّت نَوافِلُه
Generous and forbearing, earning praise and bounty,
When the cautious, timid man's gifts grow few.
مَدَدتُI stretched بِحَبلِwith the cord of الودِّaffection بَينيbetween me وَبينَهُand between him
مَدَدتُ بِحَبلِ الودِّ بَيني وَبينَهُ
كِلاناboth of us مُجِدٌّrenewing ماwhat يَليهِlies next to him وَواصِلُهand joining it
كِلانا مُجِدٌّ ما يَليهِ وَواصِلُه
I stretched the cord of affection between myself and him;
Each of us renewing his own end and keeping it joined.
وَغَيثٌand a rain-fed pasture مِنfrom الوَسمِيِّthe first autumn rain حُوٌّdark green تِلاعُهُits gullies
وَغَيثٌ مِن الوَسمِيِّ حُوٌّ تِلاعُهُ
تَمَنَّعَstood unapproachable زَهواًin pride نَبتُهُits vegetation وَسَوابِلُهand its drooping seed-heads
تَمَنَّعَ زَهواً نَبتُهُ وَسَوابِلُه
And a pasture from the first autumn rains, its gullies dark green,
Its plants and drooping seed-heads stood proudly beyond reach.
كَأَنَّas though الظِباءَthe gazelles الأُدمَpale فيin حُجُراتِهِits recesses
كَأَنَّ الظِباءَ الأُدمَ في حُجُراتِهِ
وَجُونَand the black النَعامِostriches شاجِنٌShajin وَجَمائِلُهand his camel herds
وَجُونَ النَعامِ شاجِنٌ وَجَمائِلُه
As though the pale gazelles in its recesses
And the black ostriches were Shajin and his camel herds.
هَبَطتُI descended إِذاwhen ماemphatic particle الآلُthe mirage آضَbecame كَأَنَّهُas though it were
هَبَطتُ إِذا ما الآلُ آضَ كَأَنَّهُ
عِضاهٌthorn trees تَرَدّىclothed itself بِالمُلاءِin mantles أُطاوِلُهI vie with it
عِضاهٌ تَرَدّى بِالمُلاءِ أُطاوِلُه
I descended when the mirage became as though it were
Thorn trees clad in mantles; I vied with it.
تَسَمَّعتُI listened closely وَاستَوضَحتُand I looked carefully ثُمَّthen استَجَزتُهُI crossed it
تَسَمَّعتُ وَاستَوضَحتُ ثُمَّ استَجَزتُهُ
بِأَبيَضَalong a white track مَلحوبٍwell-trodden قَواءٍdeserted مَنازِلُهits stopping places
بِأَبيَضَ مَلحوبٍ قَواءٍ مَنازِلُه
I listened closely and looked carefully, then crossed it
Along a white, well-trodden track whose stopping places lay deserted,
عَلىon ذاتِa she-camel possessing لَوثٍstrength أَوor بِأَهوَجَon a headstrong camel وَشوَشٍnimble
عَلى ذاتِ لَوثٍ أَو بِأَهوَجَ وَشوَشٍ
صَنيعٍwell-reared نَبيلٍfine-built يَملأُfills الرحلَthe saddle كاهِلُهhis withers
صَنيعٍ نَبيلٍ يَملأُ الرحلَ كاهِلُه
On a sturdy she-camel, or a headstrong, nimble camel,
Well-reared and splendid, his withers filling the saddle,
لِأُدرِكَso I may attain نُجحاًsuccess أَوor أُسلّيَI may put out of mind حاجَةًa desire
لِأُدرِكَ نُجحاً أَو أُسلّيَ حاجَةً
وَهَمُّand the ambition of القَصيرِthe short الباعِreach داءٌan illness يُماطِلُهkeeps delaying him
وَهَمُّ القَصيرِ الباعِ داءٌ يُماطِلُه
To attain success, or put a longing to rest.
And a short-reached man's ambition is a sickness that keeps delaying him.
يَهُمُّhe intends وَلاand not يَمضيproceeds وَيرتَدُّand turns back أَمرُهُhis undertaking
يَهُمُّ وَلا يَمضي وَيرتَدُّ أَمرُهُ
إِذاwhen قامَrises ناهيهِhis dissuader عَليهِagainst him وَعاذِلُهand his reproacher
إِذا قامَ ناهيهِ عَليهِ وَعاذِلُه
He intends but does not proceed, and his undertaking turns back
When his dissuader and his reproacher rise against him.