طلَعْتِyou rose ربيعاًas spring منfrom ربيعspringtime وأربُعِand dwelling-places
طلَعْتِ ربيعاً من ربيع وأربُعِ
وطالعتِand you beheld أهلاًfolk منfrom مَصيفٍsummer quarters ومَرْبَعِand spring quarters
وطالعتِ أهلاً من مَصيفٍ ومَرْبَعِ
You rose as spring from springtime and dwelling-places,
You emerged in spring from springtime and multiplied,
And beheld folk from summer and spring quarters.
And you rose as kin from summer and quadrupled.
منازلُdwellings أستسقيI ask rain from السماءَthe sky لأهلِهاfor their people
منازلُ أستسقي السماءَ لأهلِها
وإنand though كنّthey were يستسقينَask for rain للأرضِfor the earth أدمُعيmy tears
وإن كنّ يستسقينَ للأرضِ أدمُعي
Dwellings for whose people I ask the sky for rain,
My abodes ask the sky for rain for its people,
Though they ask my tears to water the earth.
Even though my tears ask the land for them.
علىdespite أنّthat ماnot ضمتْenclosed هوادجُهُمtheir howdahs سوىexcept
على أنّ ما ضمتْ هوادجُهُم سوى
فؤاديmy heart لاmay they not ضمّتْenclose سوىexcept عوْجِthe curves of أضلُعيmy ribs
فؤادي لا ضمّتْ سوى عوْجِ أضلُعي
Yet their howdahs held nothing but
For their bosoms contained only my heart,
My heart—may they hold only my curving ribs!
Not my crooked ribs.
وماand not خدَعونيthey deceived me باللِوىat al-Liwa غيرَexcept أنهُمthat they
وما خدَعوني باللِوى غيرَ أنهُم
لوَوْاthey twisted نحوtoward المطامعِhopes of gain أخدَعيmy neck-vein
لوَوْا نحو المطامعِ أخدَعي
They did not deceive me at al-Liwa, except that
They did not fool me with affection, except they
They twisted my neck toward hopes of gain.
Inclined to greed my guileless.
وقاسَمنيand shared with me فيin أنthat يقاسِمَنيdivide with me النّوىseparation
وقاسَمني في أن يقاسِمَني النّوى
رشاa fawn معهُwith him قلبيmy heart وأشواقُهand its longings مَعيwith me
رشا معهُ قلبي وأشواقُه مَعي
And sharing with me in what separation apportioned me
And he shared with me to share with me good will,
Was a fawn: my heart is with him, its longings with me.
Sprinkling my heart and its passions with me.
دعاهُcalled him غَراميmy passion للوصالِto union فلمbut not يُجِبْhe answered
دعاهُ غَرامي للوصالِ فلم يُجِبْ
نداءَthe call of مَشوقٍa yearning lover قدalready أجابَanswered وماthough not دُعيwas called
نداءَ مَشوقٍ قد أجابَ وما دُعي
My passion called him to union, but he did not answer
My love called him to union but he did not answer
A yearning lover's call—one who had answered without being called.
The call of a longing one who had answered though not called.
وفيand in كبديmy liver أستغفرُI seek forgiveness from اللهGod لوعةٌa burning ache
وفي كبدي أستغفرُ الله لوعةٌ
الىfor مولعٍone infatuated عنّيaway from me بماwith what هوhe مولَعُis enthralled by
الى مولعٍ عنّي بما هو مولَعُ
In my liver—I ask God's forgiveness—is a burning ache
And in my liver I ask Allah's forgiveness for a torment
For one absorbed, away from me, in what enthralls him.
To one passionately in love whom I passionately loved.
يناصبُنيhe opposes me فيin الحبِّlove والحبُّand love حاكمٌis a judge
يناصبُني في الحبِّ والحبُّ حاكمٌ
يجوّزُpermits ليme فيtoward الناصِبيّthe Nasibi (Ali's opponent) تشيُّعيmy Shi'i allegiance
يجوّزُ لي في الناصِبيّ تشيُّعي
He opposes me in love, and love is a judge
He makes war on me in love, and love is the judge
Who permits my Shi'i devotion to a Nasibi.
Who permits me to take partisans in my war on him.
ومنتصرand victorious فيin منعguarding مقلوبِthe reverse of عقربa scorpion
ومنتصر في منع مقلوبِ عقرب
بماwith what تحتَهis beneath it منof لَسْعِthe sting of مقلوبِthe reverse of بُرْقُعِa face-veil
بما تحتَه من لَسْعِ مقلوبِ بُرْقُعِ
And he triumphs in guarding a face-veil ('ʿaqrab' reversed),
And he is victorious in preventing my overturned scorpion
With the sting beneath it of a scorpion ('burquʿ' reversed).
With what is under it of the sting of an overturned wrap.
أبتrefused شمسُهhis sun إلاanything but الغروبَsetting وقدthough already سَماhad risen
أبت شمسُه إلا الغروبَ وقد سَما
لهاtoward it مُكلِفيthe one who enthralls me منfrom كلّevery عضوlimb بيُوشَعِwith a Joshua
لها مُكلِفي من كلّ عضو بيُوشَعِ
His sun insisted on setting, though there had risen
His sun refused but to set though
Toward it my enchanter, with a Joshua from every limb.
My limbs had vowed ritual prayer to it.
وليand I have منfrom نَدىthe bounty of منone who لاdoes not يَديpay blood-money for أمرَcommand over مُهجٍsouls
ولي من نَدى من لا يَدي أمرَ مُهجٍ
منwhoever لمhas not يوقعstruck بهاat them قلتI said أوقعِstrike!
من لم يوقع بها قلت أوقعِ
And through the bounty of one who pays no blood-price, I hold sway over souls;
And I have the dew of one whose command my love-sick one
To whoever has not struck them I say: 'Strike!'
Did not obey when I said obey!
وليلand a night نزعْناwe drew away منهُfrom it عنaway from متجهّمٍa scowling figure
وليل نزعْنا منهُ عن متجهّمٍ
أغمِّthick-haired القَفاat the nape والوجهُand the face ليسis not بأنزَعِreceding at the temples
أغمِّ القَفا والوجهُ ليس بأنزَعِ
And a night we drew away from—a scowling figure,
And we stripped the night of a frowner
Shaggy at the nape, with no receding hairline at the brow.
The back of his head and face not being stripped.
تأبّىrefused ذراعُthe foreleg of الليثِthe Lion أنto يعتَليrise بهin it
تأبّى ذراعُ الليثِ أن يعتَلي به
لناfor us ذنَبُthe tail of السرْحانِthe Wolf مقدارَthe measure of إصبَعِa finger
لنا ذنَبُ السرْحانِ مقدارَ إصبَعِ
The Lion's foreleg refused to allow, in that night,
The foreleg of a lion refused that we climb on it
The Wolf's tail to rise for us by even a finger's breadth.
While the tail of a goat is the measure of a finger to us.
فلماthen when ارتمَتْhurled كفُّthe palm of الصَديعِdawn بأنجمٍwith stars
فلما ارتمَتْ كفُّ الصَديعِ بأنجمٍ
قواريرُهاtheir glass vessels قدalready أوذِنَتْhad been warned بالتصدّعof shattering
قواريرُها قد أوذِنَتْ بالتصدّع
Then, when dawn's palm flung stars
So when the hand of one scattering stars faltered
Whose glass vessels had been forewarned of shattering,
Its pots had warned of cracking.
دعانيcalled me السَرىnight travel أتعبتَyou have tired طِرْفَكَyour steed فاسترحْso rest
دعاني السَرى أتعبتَ طِرْفَكَ فاسترحْ
وقالand said الكَرىsleep أسهرتَyou kept awake طَرْفَكَyour eye فاهْجَعِso slumber
وقال الكَرى أسهرتَ طَرْفَكَ فاهْجَعِ
Night travel called to me: 'You have wearied your steed; rest!'
My bed calls me: you have wearied your eye so rest,
And sleep said: 'You have kept your eye awake; slumber!'
And my pillow says: you have not slept, so sleep!
وإنيand indeed I وإيضاعيand my swift riding وإشرافَand the loftiness of همّتيmy resolve
وإني وإيضاعي وإشرافَ همّتي
لأعلمُsurely know عندwith الأشرفِal-Ashraf النَدْبِthe magnanimous موضِعيmy standing
لأعلمُ عند الأشرفِ النَدْبِ موضِعي
And indeed I—by my swift riding and my lofty resolve—
But I and my wakefulness and the rising of my concerns—
Know well my standing with magnanimous al-Ashraf.
I know in the noblest wakefulness the place of my call.
أنالُI attain بهthrough him ماwhatever شئتُI wish غيرَwithout being مُمانعٍopposed
أنالُ به ما شئتُ غيرَ مُمانعٍ
علىdespite أننيthat I ماwhenever شئتُI wish غيرُnot ممنّعِdenied
على أنني ما شئتُ غيرُ ممنّعِ
Through him I attain whatever I wish, unopposed,
With it I attain what I want with none preventing,
Though whenever I wish, I am not to be denied.
For what I wanted was not prevented.
ويطمعُand aspire فيto شأويmy stride أناسٌpeople تنافَسواcompeted
ويطمعُ في شأوي أناسٌ تنافَسوا
علىfor مَطعِمٍsustenance فيin راحتيْهِhis two palms ومُطْمِعِand an enticement
على مَطعِمٍ في راحتيْهِ ومُطْمِعِ
And men aspire to match my stride, competing
And people who competed
For sustenance in his two palms, and something to covet.
For a portion in my ease and gain hope in my affairs.
سكنتُI kept silent فقدfor already ظنواthey thought احتقاريَmy contempt for شأنَهُمُtheir standing
سكنتُ فقد ظنوا احتقاريَ شأنَهُمُ
سكونُthe silence of تخشٍّfear منهمُof them أوor تخشّعِhumble submission
سكونُ تخشٍّ منهمُ أو تخشّعِ
I kept silent; they thought my disregard for their standing
I fell silent so they thought slighting them was
Was silence born of fear of them, or humble submission.
My silence, fearing them or being cowed.
أيُلْحِدُdoes he deny? فيin فضليmy merit امرؤa man لوif أمتُّهُI killed him
أيُلْحِدُ في فضلي امرؤ لو أمتُّهُ
لأويسَwould be made hopeless بالإلحادِthrough unbelief مرجوّa hoped-for مَرْجِعِreturn
لأويسَ بالإلحادِ مرجوّ مَرْجِعِ
Can a man deny my merit when, were I to kill him,
Does a man blaspheme against my superiority? If I wished
His hoped-for return would be made hopeless by unbelief?
I would despair of his blasphemy, hoping for return.
إليكَtoward you قطعتُI crossed البحرَthe sea أطويrolling up سجلَّهُits scroll
إليكَ قطعتُ البحرَ أطوي سجلَّهُ
فياso O بحرُsea أسْجِلْrecord ليfor me بحظيmy allotted share وأقْطِعِand grant an allotment
فيا بحرُ أسْجِلْ لي بحظي وأقْطِعِ
To reach you I crossed the sea, rolling up its scroll;
To you I crossed the sea folding its register
So, O sea, record my share for me, and grant an allotment!
So O sea register my share for me and apportion!
وماand not بيin me الىtoward الأوطانِthe native lands هجرةa departure of مِقْلَعِone setting sail
وما بي الى الأوطانِ هجرة مِقْلَعِ
ولاnor ليfor me عنfrom الأوطارِdesires هجرةُa departure of مُقلِعِone renouncing
ولا لي عن الأوطارِ هجرةُ مُقلِعِ
I have no urge to leave for my native lands like one setting sail,
I have no emigration to homelands
Nor to leave my desires behind like one who renounces them.
Nor any emigration from homelands.
ولولاكand but for you لمnot أبرحI cease to be قصيّاًfar away ولمand not أجدI find
ولولاك لم أبرح قصيّاً ولم أجد
قصيّاًa Qusayy فأدعوso I call فضلَهُhis bounty بمُجمّعِMujammiʿ (the Gatherer)
قصيّاً فأدعو فضلَهُ بمُجمّعِ
But for you I would have remained far away and would not have found
But for you I would not have left, finding
A Qusayy whose bounty I might name 'Mujammiʿ'—the Gatherer.
No exile, so I call his excellence in a whole group.
نطقتyou spoke بإعرابِwith the inflection of المقاديرِdestinies مُفصِحاًeloquently
نطقت بإعرابِ المقاديرِ مُفصِحاً
فياso O سيبويهِSibawayh اخْفِضْlower (make genitive) بلفظِكَwith your words وارفعِand raise (make nominative)
فيا سيبويهِ اخْفِضْ بلفظِكَ وارفعِ
You spoke eloquently, inflecting the decrees of fate;
You spoke with the syntax of destiny eloquently
So, O Sibawayh, lower and raise with your words!
So O Sibuwayh, in your words lower and raise!
نصبتyou erected لماfor what شادتْraised تميمٌTamim بناءَهُits edifice
نصبت لما شادتْ تميمٌ بناءَهُ
منof المجدِglory ركنَa pillar of السؤددlordship المترفِّعِexalted
من المجدِ ركنَ السؤدد المترفِّعِ
You erected, for the edifice Tamim raised
You established when Tameem built
Of glory, a pillar of exalted lordship.
The pillar of continual loftiness from glory.
فضائلُvirtues دعْleave aside حصناًHisn فماfor not زالَceased حابسٌHabis
فضائلُ دعْ حصناً فما زالَ حابسٌ
يفوقُsurpasses بهاthrough them مِرْداسَMirdas فيin كلevery مَجْمَعِgathering
يفوقُ بها مِرْداسَ في كل مَجْمَعِ
Virtues—leave Hisn aside!—for Habis has always
Virtues, leave a fortress so it still imprisons,
Surpassed Mirdas through them at every gathering.
Surpassing thereby every assembly in all groups.
وأنتَand you تتبعتَyou followed الألىthe forebears بمآثرٍwith glorious deeds
وأنتَ تتبعتَ الألى بمآثرٍ
تُثيرُraise عجاجَdust clouds of السّبْقِoutstripping فيin وجهِthe face of تُبّعِTubbaʿ
تُثيرُ عجاجَ السّبْقِ في وجهِ تُبّعِ
And you followed the forebears with glorious deeds
And you followed great deeds raising
That stir the dust of victory in Tubbaʿ's face.
The emulous of precedence over Tubba's face.
فإحكامُand firm establishment of أحْكامٍjudgments تقولُsays مُبادراًpromptly
فإحكامُ أحْكامٍ تقولُ مُبادراً
لهاto them مشرعُthe leveler of الخطّيّthe Khatti spear ماwhatever شئتَyou wish فاشْرِعِso enact
لها مشرعُ الخطّيّ ما شئتَ فاشْرِعِ
And judgments firmly settled, with a prompt declaration
So the perfection of judgments saying readily
To them by the Khatti spear's wielder: 'Enact whatever you wish!'
For them the lawgiver: what you wish, enact!
وعدلُand justice of قضاءِjudgment لاnot يميلُsways بهit الهوىwhim
وعدلُ قضاءِ لا يميلُ به الهوى
لإرضاءِto please سنيٍّa Sunni ولاnor مُتشيِّعِa Shi'i adherent
لإرضاءِ سنيٍّ ولا مُتشيِّعِ
And justice in judgment that whim cannot sway
And the justice of judgment that desire does not incline
To favor a Sunni or a Shi'i.
To please a Sunni or Shiite.
وفضلُand excellence of خطابٍspeech مُعجزٍinimitable وخطابُهand his speech
وفضلُ خطابٍ مُعجزٍ وخطابُه
روىrelated كلُّevery صِقْعٍregion عنهماfrom both of them فضلَthe excellence of مصْقعan eloquent orator
روى كلُّ صِقْعٍ عنهما فضلَ مصْقع
And excellence in inimitable discourse, and his own discourse—
And the surpassing eloquence of an unmatchable sermon, both
From both, every region recounts an orator's excellence.
Quenching every region about them, the elite of every elite.
وظنّand a surmise كأنّas though السّمعَhearing والعينَand sight شاهَداhad witnessed
وظنّ كأنّ السّمعَ والعينَ شاهَدا
ومنand for أجلِthe sake of هذاthis قيلَit was said ذاthis ظنُّthe surmise of ألْمَعيa keen-witted man
ومن أجلِ هذا قيلَ ذا ظنُّ ألْمَعي
And a surmise as though hearing and sight had witnessed it;
You would think hearing and sight witnessed
Hence they say: 'This is a discerning man's surmise.'
And for this reason it was said: This, conjecturing, touches.
فياso O حَسَناًHasan قدalready أصبحَhas become الإسمُthe name وصْفَهُhis description
فيا حَسَناً قد أصبحَ الإسمُ وصْفَهُ
فأصبحَso he has become منin وجهينِtwo respects أحسنَthe finest of منthose who دُعيwere named
فأصبحَ من وجهينِ أحسنَ من دُعي
O Hasan, whose name has become his description,
O you beautiful one, now beauty has become its attribute
He is thus, in two ways, the finest of all ever named.
So it became of two faces more beautiful than the called.
تنزهتُI kept myself pure فيin دينهhis faith عنfrom دنيّةٍbaseness
تنزهتُ في دينه عن دنيّةٍ
وشمّرتُand I tucked up my garment فيin دُرّاعهِhis tunic عنfrom over مدرّعِan armored man
وشمّرتُ في دُرّاعهِ عن مدرّعِ
In his faith I kept myself free of baseness,
I withdrew in his religion from baseness
And in his tunic I tucked up the cloth to reveal an armored man.
And hitched up his gown from a coat of mail.
فلحظُكso your glance للديوانِfor the chancery أيقِظْهُawaken it يحترسْit keeps watch
فلحظُك للديوانِ أيقِظْهُ يحترسْ
ولفظكand your speech للإيوانfor the palace hall جرِّدهُunsheathe it يقطعِit cuts
ولفظك للإيوان جرِّدهُ يقطعِ
So awaken your glance for the chancery: it will keep watch;
So your glance for the office rouses it, beware,
And unsheathe your speech for the palace hall: it will cut.
And your words for the hall, ready it for cutting.
وطالعْand behold محيّاthe countenance of النحْرthe throat منكfrom you بمنظرٍwith a gaze
وطالعْ محيّا النحْر منك بمنظرٍ
أدامَkept fixed إليهِtoward it طرفَهُits eye بالتطلّعin expectation
أدامَ إليهِ طرفَهُ بالتطلّع
And behold the throat's countenance with a gaze of yours
And behold His slain purified by you with a look
That has kept its eye fixed upon it in expectation.
That keeps its eyes always lift up to it.
كذاthus البيتُthe House قدalready لبّيتُI answered the call والهَدْيُand the sacrificial offering واجبٌis obligatory
كذا البيتُ قد لبّيتُ والهَدْيُ واجبٌ
عليّupon me لأنيbecause I قائلٌone who professes بالتمتّعِtamattuʿ (ritual enjoyment)
عليّ لأني قائلٌ بالتمتّعِ
Thus I have answered the House's call, and an offering is obligatory
Thus the house I frequented, the sacrifice obligatory
Upon me, since I uphold tamattuʿ—the rite of 'enjoyment.'
For me since I am one saying enjoy.
ولمand not أقتنعْI was content بالفرْضِwith the obligatory duty فالفضلُfor merit إنّماonly
ولم أقتنعْ بالفرْضِ فالفضلُ إنّما
يكونُis إذاif حققتَهُyou examine it closely للتّطوّعِfor voluntary devotion
يكونُ إذا حققتَهُ للتّطوّعِ
I was not content with obligation, for merit is only
I did not satisfy myself with the duty, for favor is only
Found, when rightly examined, in voluntary devotion.
When you perfect it beyond obligation.
لسانيَmy tongue لاnot يعْياfalters وغيرُكand anyone but you سمعُهُhis hearing
لسانيَ لا يعْيا وغيرُك سمعُهُ
لغفلتِهthrough his heedlessness يُعْييwearies اللسانَthe tongue ولاand not يَعيunderstands
لغفلتِه يُعْيي اللسانَ ولا يَعي
My tongue does not falter; but the hearing of anyone but you,
My tongue does not tire though others' hearing
Through his heedlessness, wearies the tongue and fails to understand.
Tires it by their heedlessness, and it does not perceive.