فديتI would ransom محيًّاa face فيin مسائلهits particulars ينميtraces its descent
فديت محيًّا في مسائله ينمي
فخدّthus a cheek إلىto بدرٍa full moon ولحظand a glance إلىto سهمan arrow
فخدّ إلى بدرٍ ولحظ إلى سهم
I would ransom a countenance whose lineaments proclaim its noble lineage—
I would ransom a face whose features trace their descent:
a cheek like the full moon, a glance like an arrow.
its cheek to a full moon, its glance to an arrow.
وللهand to God قلبa heart فيin الصبابةardent longing والجوىand love's anguish
ولله قلب في الصبابة والجوى
أضلتهled it astray أحداقthe eyes of الحسانthe beauties علىwith علمknowledge
أضلته أحداق الحسان على علم
By God, what a heart—amid ardent passion and consuming love—
And what a heart, by God, amid longing and love's anguish,
knowingly led astray by the eyes of beauties!
which beauties' eyes have knowingly led astray!
وقفتI stood علىat مغنىthe dwelling of الأحبةthe beloveds نادباًlamenting
وقفت على مغنى الأحبة نادباً
لماfor what أبلتwore away الأيامthe days منهof it ومنand of جسميmy body
لما أبلت الأيام منه ومن جسمي
I stood at the beloveds’ dwelling, lamenting
I stood at the beloveds' dwelling, lamenting
what the days had worn away from it and from my body.
what the days had worn away of it and of my body.
وقدّمand presented دمعيmy tears قصةa petition فيconcerning رسومهits traces
وقدّم دمعي قصة في رسومه
فوقّعso endorsed فيهاupon it الوجدpassionate longing يجريit shall flow علىover الرسمthe traces
فوقّع فيها الوجد يجري على الرسم
My tears submitted a petition among its traces,
My tears presented a petition concerning its traces,
and longing signed it, proceeding in due form.
and passion endorsed it: 'Let it flow over the traces.'
فياoh, then لكto you دمعاًtears منfrom وليّan ally of صبابةpassion
فيا لك دمعاً من وليّ صبابة
سقىwatered الأرضthe earth حتَّىuntil ماnot تحنّit yearns إلىfor الوسمthe first autumn rain
سقى الأرض حتَّى ما تحنّ إلى الوسم
Ah, what a flood of tears from one devoted to passion!
Oh, what tears—an ally of passion—
It watered the earth until she no longer yearned for the season’s first rain.
that watered the earth until it no longer yearned for autumn's first rain!
يقولونthey say حاذرbeware سقمthe sickness of جسمكyour body فيin الهوىlove
يقولون حاذر سقم جسمك في الهوى
ومنand who ليfor me بجسمwith a body تلتقيهencounters it يدthe hand of السقمsickness
ومن لي بجسم تلتقيه يد السقم
They say, “Beware your body’s sickness in love.”
They say, 'Beware lest love sicken your body.'
But where have I a body on which sickness may lay its hand?
But where is a body of mine for sickness's hand to touch?
عشقتI loved علىupon خدّيكyour two cheeks حرفthe letter of عذارهاits cheek-down
عشقت على خدّيك حرف عذارها
فلمso did not يبقleave ذاكthat الحرفletter منيof me سوىexcept الاسمthe name
فلم يبق ذاك الحرف مني سوى الاسم
I fell in love, upon your cheeks, with the letter traced by their down;
I loved the letter of down traced upon your cheeks;
that letter left of me nothing but the name.
that letter left nothing of me but the name.
إذاif فتنenchants الألبابminds حسنكyour beauty ساذجاًunadorned
إذا فتن الألباب حسنك ساذجاً
فماthen what حاجةneed الخدّthe cheek البديعwondrous إلىfor الرّقمdecoration
فما حاجة الخدّ البديع إلى الرّقم
If your beauty, unadorned, captivates every mind,
If your beauty enchants minds unadorned,
what need has the exquisite cheek of ornament?
what need has that wondrous cheek of ornament?
ألمdid not يكفكsuffice you اللحظthe glance الذيwhich صالassailed وانتشىand grew drunk
ألم يكفك اللحظ الذي صال وانتشى
فلمso did not يخلbe free فيin الحالينboth states منof صفةthe quality of الإثمsin
فلم يخل في الحالين من صفة الإثم
Was your glance not enough—the glance that struck, then became intoxicated?
Did the glance that charged and grew drunk not suffice you?
In neither state was it free of the taint of sin.
For in neither state was it free of the taint of sin.
ومبتسمand a smiling mouth فيهin it اللآليthe pearls يتيمةpeerless
ومبتسم فيه اللآلي يتيمة
وليسand there is not علىupon أسلاكهits strings ذلةthe abasement of اليتمorphanhood
وليس على أسلاكه ذلة اليتم
And a smiling mouth, wherein the pearls are peerless orphans,
And a smiling mouth whose pearls are peerless,
with none of orphanhood’s abasement upon their strings.
yet whose strings bear none of orphanhood's abasement.
يصدّturns away بلاwithout ذنبoffense عنfrom الصبّthe lovelorn one ظلمهhis teeth's gleam
يصدّ بلا ذنب عن الصبّ ظلمه
لقدindeed صحّbecame certain عنديto me أنهthat he بادرinitiated الظلمinjustice
لقد صحّ عندي أنه بادر الظلم
In his cruelty he turns from the guiltless lover;
His teeth's gleam shuns the guiltless lover;
I know for certain that he began the wrongdoing.
I am certain he was the first to do wrong.
سقىmay water المطرthe rain الغاديearly-morning صبايَmy youth وصبوتيand my youthful passion
سقى المطر الغادي صبايَ وصبوتي
فماfor not كنتI was إلاexcept فيamid ليالٍnights وفيand in حلمa dream
فما كنت إلا في ليالٍ وفي حلم
May the morning rain water my youth and youthful passion,
May the morning rain water my youth and my youthful passion,
for I lived only in nights—and in a dream.
for I lived only through nights and in a dream;
وحيىand may it greet دياراًdwellings بالنقاat al-Naqa ومرابعاًand encampments
وحيى دياراً بالنقا ومرابعاً
بنيتwere fashioned بهاthere هيفslender beauties القدودof figure علىfor الضمembracing
بنيت بها هيف القدود على الضم
And may it revive the dwellings at al-Naqā and their spring encampments,
and greet dwellings at al-Naqa and encampments,
where I built slender figures upon ḍamm—embrace and grammatical joining.
where slender-waisted beauties were fashioned for embraces.
زمانa time علىunder حكميmy command تولتserved هباتهits gifts
زمان على حكمي تولت هباته
ولكنهاbut they ولتturned away فزالتand so vanished علىagainst رغميmy will
ولكنها ولت فزالت على رغمي
A time whose gifts obeyed my command—
A time whose gifts served under my command,
but they turned away and vanished against my will.
but they turned away and vanished against my will.
وأمّلتand I hoped منfrom إنعامthe generosity of أحمدAhmad مسلياًa consolation
وأمّلت من إنعام أحمد مسلياً
فناجيتso I communed with وجهthe face of النجحsuccess منthrough صحةthe soundness of الوهمintuition
فناجيت وجه النجح من صحة الوهم
I hoped Ahmad’s beneficence would bring me consolation,
I hoped for consolation from Ahmad's favors,
and communed with the star’s face, so certain was my fancy.
and, through sound intuition, communed with success face to face.
وراحand began رجائيmy hope يضربto cast الفألomens موقناًcertain
وراح رجائي يضرب الفأل موقناً
وقامتand arose قوافيthe rhymes of الشعرpoetry تنظرto look فيinto النجمthe stars
وقامت قوافي الشعر تنظر في النجم
My hope set forth, casting its omen with assurance,
My hope began casting omens, certain,
and poetry’s rhymes arose to gaze upon the star.
and poetry's rhymes arose to consult the stars.
إذاif لمdo not تجدfind قاضيthe judge of القضاةjudges ظماءهاtheir thirsty ones
إذا لم تجد قاضي القضاة ظماءها
فأيّthen which امرئٍman يرويquenches thirst بنائلهwith his bounty الجمّabundant
فأيّ امرئٍ يروي بنائله الجمّ
If they do not find the Chief Judge of all judges as their rain-cloud,
If their thirsty ones cannot find the Chief Judge,
what man could water them with abundant gifts?
what man can slake them with his abundant bounty?
إمامan imam عليrises عنbeyond غايةthe utmost reach of المدحpraise مجدهhis glory
إمام علي عن غاية المدح مجده
إلىto the point أنthat حسبناwe deemed المدحpraise فيهof him منa kind of الذمّblame
إلى أن حسبنا المدح فيه من الذمّ
An imam whose glory rose beyond the furthest reach of praise,
An imam whose glory rises beyond the utmost reach of praise,
until we came to reckon praise of him a kind of blame.
until we deemed praise of him a kind of blame.
فلمso it did not يكفهsuffice him أنthat أذهبhe banished الفقرpoverty بالندىthrough generosity
فلم يكفه أن أذهب الفقر بالندى
عنfrom الناسpeople حتَّىuntil أذهبhe banished الجهلignorance بالعلمthrough knowledge
عن الناس حتَّى أذهب الجهل بالعلم
It did not suffice him to banish poverty from the people through generosity
It did not suffice him to banish poverty through generosity
until he banished ignorance through learning.
from people: he also banished ignorance through knowledge.
ترىyou see الوفدthe delegations والساداتand the lords منfrom حولaround شخصهhis person
ترى الوفد والسادات من حول شخصه
كماjust as تشخصstare fixedly الأبصارeyes للقمرat the moon التمfull
كما تشخص الأبصار للقمر التم
You see delegations and dignitaries coming from around his person,
You see the delegations and lords around his person,
as eyes lift and fasten upon the full moon.
as eyes stare fixedly at the full moon.
تقبلkiss أطرافthe edges of البساطthe carpet ثغورهمtheir mouths
تقبل أطراف البساط ثغورهم
ويقصرand falls short ثغرthe mouth of الشهبthe bright stars عنof طرفthe edge of الكمthe sleeve
ويقصر ثغر الشهب عن طرف الكم
Their mouths kiss the edges of his carpet,
Their mouths kiss the edges of the carpet,
while the mouths of bright stars fall short of reaching his sleeve’s hem.
while the stars' mouth falls short of his sleeve's edge.
عجبتI marveled لمنat one who يرديslays بهيبتهwith his awe العدَىthe foes
عجبت لمن يردي بهيبته العدَى
ويسطوand strikes سطاهhis might كيفhow يوصفis he described بالحلمas forbearing
ويسطو سطاه كيف يوصف بالحلم
I marvel at one who fells his enemies through sheer awe
I marvel at one whose awe slays his foes,
and strikes with such force—how can he be called forbearing?
and who strikes with such might—how can he be called forbearing?
ومنand one who يهملlets go الجانيthe offender ويحلمand forbears حلمهhis forbearance
ومن يهمل الجاني ويحلم حلمه
علىtoward كلّevery جانٍoffender كيفhow يوصفis he described بالعزمas resolute
على كلّ جانٍ كيف يوصف بالعزم
And at one who spares the culprit and extends his clemency
And one who lets the guilty go, showing such forbearance
to every offender—how can he be called resolute?
toward every offender—how can he be called resolute?
يدلّpresume لديهin his presence المخطئونthe wrongdoers بجرمهمupon their guilt
يدلّ لديه المخطئون بجرمهم
لماbecause of what أظهرواthey revealed منof شيمةthe trait of العفوpardon بالجرمthrough wrongdoing
لما أظهروا من شيمة العفو بالجرم
Before him wrongdoers presume upon his indulgence with their crimes,
Wrongdoers presume upon their guilt before him,
thereby revealing his ingrained gift of pardon through their wrongdoing.
since, through wrongdoing, they have revealed his forgiving nature.
ويدعوand summons إليهto him المعتفينseekers of bounty ثناؤهُpraise of him
ويدعو إليه المعتفين ثناؤهُ
كماjust as يستدلّfinds the way الطالبthe seeker الرّوضthe garden بالشمّby scent
كما يستدلّ الطالب الرّوض بالشمّ
Seekers of bounty are summoned to him by his fame,
His praises call seekers of bounty to him,
as one seeking a caravan is guided by lofty mountains.
as one seeking a garden is guided by its scent.
لهhe has قلمa pen مدّlet out البيانeloquence عنانهits rein
له قلم مدّ البيان عنانه
وجالand it ranged فقلناso we said فارسthe knight of النثرprose والنظمand verse
وجال فقلنا فارس النثر والنظم
He has a pen whose eloquence has loosed its reins;
He has a pen whose rein eloquence has let out;
it coursed, and we cried, “A horseman of prose and verse!”
it ranged, and we said, 'The knight of prose and verse!'
تعوّدit became accustomed أنto ينشيcompose فتنتجso there results نشوةintoxication
تعوّد أن ينشي فتنتج نشوة
إلىto the point أنthat ظنناهwe thought it قضيباًa shoot منof الكرمthe grapevine
إلى أن ظنناه قضيباً من الكرم
Accustomed to creating, it gives birth to ecstasy,
It is accustomed to composing, and intoxication results,
until we fancied it a branch of the grapevine.
until we thought it a shoot of the grapevine.
وفوّقand nocked منهfrom it الشرعsacred law سهمan arrow of إصابةaccuracy
وفوّق منه الشرع سهم إصابة
فلاso no غَرْوَwonder إنif أضحىit has become بهthrough it وافرample in السهمshare
فلا غَرْوَ إن أضحى به وافر السهم
Through it, the Sacred Law nocked an unerring arrow;
Sacred law has nocked it as an unerring arrow,
no wonder that through it his allotted share grew abundant.
so no wonder that through it the Law has an ample share.
إذاwhen لاحappears بينbetween الرفعraising والخفضand lowering شكلهits form
إذا لاح بين الرفع والخفض شكله
رأيتyou see القضاياthe judgments كيفhow تنفذtake effect بالجزمwith decisiveness
رأيت القضايا كيف تنفذ بالجزم
When its form flashes between nominative rise and genitive descent,
When its form appears, now raised, now lowered,
you see judgments carried out with the decisive force of the jussive.
you see how judgments take effect with finality.
إليكtoward you ثناهاhas turned them الفضلmerit منfrom كلّevery وجهةٍdirection
إليك ثناها الفضل من كلّ وجهةٍ
وسارand spread ثناthe praise of علياكyour eminence فيamong العرْبthe Arabs والعجمand non-Arabs
وسار ثنا علياك في العرْب والعجم
Your excellence has turned them toward you from every direction,
Merit has turned them toward you from every quarter,
and praise of your eminence has traveled among Arabs and non-Arabs.
and praise of your eminence has spread among Arabs and non-Arabs.
لئنif indeed ظنّsupposes ساعٍa striver أنthat ينالكhe can reach you فيin العلىeminence
لئن ظنّ ساعٍ أن ينالك في العلى
لقدindeed حقّis deserving عنديin my view ذلكthat الظنّsupposition بالرّجمof stoning
لقد حقّ عندي ذلك الظنّ بالرّجم
If some striver thinks he can attain you in loftiness,
If any striver supposes he can reach you in eminence,
then that supposition, in my judgment, deserves to be stoned.
that thought, in my judgment, truly deserves stoning.
أياO ابنson of السراةthe nobles المالئينwho fill فجاجهاits broad passes
أيا ابن السراة المالئين فجاجها
ردًىdeath وندًىand bounty يومon the day of الكريهةbattle والسّلمand peace
ردًى وندًى يوم الكريهة والسّلم
O son of nobles who fill its mountain passes
O son of nobles who fill the earth's passes
with death and bounty on days of battle and of peace—
with death and bounty, in battle and in peace,
دعوتكI called upon you لاnot أدليI appeal إليكto you بشافعٍthrough an intercessor
دعوتك لا أدلي إليك بشافعٍ
ولاnor سببٍa tie إلاexcept بسؤددكthrough your nobility الضخمgreat
ولا سببٍ إلا بسؤددك الضخم
I called upon you, putting forward no intercessor before you,
I have called on you, invoking no intercessor
nor any means save your immense nobility.
nor any tie, save your great nobility.
وخفتand I feared علىfor قصديmy seeking سواكanyone but you منamong الورَىmankind
وخفت على قصدي سواك من الورَى
فألفيتهso I found it منthrough جودthe bounty of كفكyour hand فيin اليمّthe sea
فألفيته من جود كفك في اليمّ
I feared for my purpose—my ode—from every man but you,
I feared for my intent to seek anyone but you among mankind,
and found its fulfillment in the sea of your hand’s generosity.
and found it in the sea of your hand's bounty.
وإنيand I وذكريand my recounting ماwhat حويتyou have amassed منof الثناpraise
وإني وذكري ما حويت من الثنا
كمنlike one who رامsought تعدادto count القطارthe raindrops التيthat تهميpour down
كمن رام تعداد القطار التي تهمي
As for me, though I recount all the praise I have gathered,
And I, recounting all the praise you have amassed,
I am like one attempting to count the raindrops pouring down.
am like one trying to count the raindrops pouring down.
وماذاand what يقولsays اللفظspeech فيabout النجمthe star واصفاًdescribing
وماذا يقول اللفظ في النجم واصفاً
وحسبكand sufficient for you أنthat اللهGod أقسمswore بالنجمby the star
وحسبك أن الله أقسم بالنجم
And what can words say when describing the Star?
And what can words say in describing the star?
Enough for you that God swore by the Star.
Enough for you that God has sworn by the star.