ماnot الدهرtime إلاexcept غدوةmorning ومساءُand evening
ما الدهر إلا غدوة ومساءُ
يتعاقبانthe two alternate وشدةand hardship ورخاءُand ease
يتعاقبان وشدة ورخاءُ
Time is nothing but morning and evening,
Time is but a morning and an evening
Alternating—and hardship and ease,
That alternate with hardship and ease,
ومسرةand joy ومضرةand harm وحلاوةand sweetness
ومسرة ومضرة وحلاوة
ومرارةand bitterness وسعادةand happiness وشقاءand misery
ومرارة وسعادة وشقاء
And joy, harm, and sweetness,
With joy and harm, sweetness
And bitterness, happiness, and misery,
And bitterness, happiness and misery,
ومساكنand dwellings ومقابرand graves وفوائدand benefits
ومساكن ومقابر وفوائد
ومصائبand calamities وسلامةand safety وبلاءand affliction
ومصائب وسلامة وبلاء
And dwellings, graves, and benefits,
Homes and graves, benefits
And calamities, safety, and affliction.
And calamities, safety and affliction.
منقلبever turning طولthroughout المدىthe duration متلونchanging color
منقلب طول المدى متلون
أبداalways كماjust as تتلونchanges color الحرباءthe chameleon
أبدا كما تتلون الحرباء
Ever turning throughout its course, ever changing color,
Throughout the ages it changes,
Always, as the chameleon changes color.
Ever shifting like a chameleon.
زمنan age يذلis humbled بهin it العزيزthe mighty وتعتليand rise high
زمن يذل به العزيز وتعتلي
فيهin it اللئامthe base وتسفلand sink low الرفعاءthe exalted
فيه اللئام وتسفل الرفعاء
An age that humbles the mighty and raises
A time that humiliates the mighty
The base within it, while bringing the lofty low.
And raises up the ignoble and base.
وحبيبهand its beloved كدرclouded الودادaffection كأنهas though he were
وحبيبه كدر الوداد كأنه
شوكthorns القتادthe qatād thornbush وحيّةٌand a snake رقطاءspeckled
شوك القتاد وحيّةٌ رقطاء
And its beloved's affection is clouded, as though he were
And the beloved who spoils affection
Thorns of the qatād bush and a speckled serpent.
Is like prickly buckthorn, an ugly viper.
الغلrancor والشحناءand enmity حشوthe filling of فؤادهhis heart
الغل والشحناء حشو فؤاده
لكنهbut he متوددshowing affection هأهاءfull of laughter
لكنه متودد هأهاء
Rancor and enmity fill his heart,
Grudges and meanness fill his heart,
Yet he shows affection and is full of laughter.
Yet he pretends to be gentle and agreeable.
فلسانهfor his tongue كالاصفعندlike iṣfaʿand (a sweet drink) حلاوةin sweetness
فلسانه كالاصفعند حلاوة
والقلبand the heart منهof him علقمcolocynth والاءand the bitter āʾ shrub
والقلب منه علقم والاء
For his tongue has the sweetness of iṣfaʿand,
His tongue is smooth as a snake’s
But his heart is colocynth and the bitter āʾ shrub.
While his heart is choked with bile and malice.
أطفأتI extinguished جمرةthe ember of حقدهhis spite بتحلّمwith forbearance
أطفأت جمرة حقده بتحلّم
فالحقدُfor spite نارٌfire والتحلّمand forbearance ماءwater
فالحقدُ نارٌ والتحلّم ماء
I quenched the ember of his spite with forbearance,
I extinguished the embers of his hatred with forbearance—
For spite is fire, and forbearance is water.
For hatred is fire while forbearance is water—
وشفيتand I healed أدواailments (أدواء) غلّهhis rancor بتسامحwith tolerance
وشفيت أدوا غلّه بتسامح
فالغلfor rancor داءan illness والسماحand generosity دواءa remedy
فالغل داء والسماح دواء
And healed the ailments of his rancor with tolerance,
And I healed the sickness of his grudge with forgiveness,
For rancor is an illness, and generosity is a remedy.
Since grudges are illness while pardon is the cure.
ومنحتهand I granted him منىfrom me الوصالcompanionship تألفاseeking harmony
ومنحته منى الوصال تألفا
مذsince بانappeared منهfrom him قطيعةٌestrangement وجفاءand coldness
مذ بان منه قطيعةٌ وجفاء
And I gave him my companionship, seeking harmony,
And I granted him the intimacy of reunion
Since estrangement and coldness appeared in him.
When he showed disconnection and aloofness.
وإذاand when تكدّرgrew clouded ودّهhis affection اضحىbecame لهfor him
وإذا تكدّر ودّه اضحى له
منىfrom me صفاءpurity مودّةaffection وإخاءand brotherhood
منى صفاء مودّة وإخاء
And when his affection grows clouded, he has
And when his affection soured,
From me pure affection and brotherhood,
I offered clarity, affection and warmth.
وتالفand concord وتعطفand sympathy وتلطفٌand gentleness
وتالف وتعطف وتلطفٌ
وتعفّفٌand abstention عنfrom مالهhis wealth وصفاءand sincerity
وتعفّفٌ عن ماله وصفاء
And concord, sympathy, and gentleness,
Civility, kindness, gentleness,
And abstention from his wealth, and sincerity,
Modesty regarding what is his, and probity.
ومكانةand esteem وصيانةand protection وأمانةٌand trustworthiness
ومكانة وصيانة وأمانةٌ
وتواضعand humility وتحلمand forbearance ووفاءand loyalty
وتواضع وتحلم ووفاء
And esteem, protection, and trustworthiness,
Status, propriety, honesty,
And humility, forbearance, and loyalty.
Humility, patience, loyalty.
إناindeed we إذاwhen عثرstumbled الصديقthe friend فإنّناthen surely we
إنا إذا عثر الصديق فإنّنا
غفرforgiving لهtoward him زلّاتهhis slips سمحاءgenerous
غفر له زلّاته سمحاء
Indeed, when a friend stumbles, we are
When a friend stumbles, we readily
Forgiving of his slips and generous toward him.
Forgive his missteps with magnanimity.
وإذاand when بدتappeared منهfrom him الخيانةbetrayal والخداand decep-
وإذا بدت منه الخيانة والخدا
ع-tion (completion of الخداع) فإنناthen surely we نصحاؤهhis sincere advisers امناءtrustworthy
ع فإننا نصحاؤه امناء
And when there appear in him betrayal and
And if he shows treachery and deception,
Deceit, we are his trustworthy advisers.
We remain his sincere, trustworthy counselors.
وإذاand when بدتappeared منهfrom him الفظاظةharshness إنناsurely we
وإذا بدت منه الفظاظة إننا
ندماؤهhis companions أوdevo- (apparently part of أوداؤه) داؤهُ-ted friends of his صدقاءtrue friends
ندماؤه أو داؤهُ صدقاء
And when harshness appears in him, we are
And if vulgarity appears in him, we are
His companions, his devoted friends, true-hearted.
His regretful, truthful friends.
وإذاand when استعانsought help علىagainst نوائبهhis misfortunes بناfrom us
وإذا استعان على نوائبه بنا
يوماone day فنحنُthen we رداa support لهfor him وزراءcounselors
يوما فنحنُ ردا له وزراء
And if he seeks our help against his misfortunes
And if he seeks our aid against misfortunes,
One day, we are his support and counselors.
We are his ministers and supporters.
وكمانand latent (apparently وكامن) خبثmalice سريرةinner disposition يبدوappears لناto us
وكمان خبث سريرة يبدو لنا
سترتهconcealed it مناof ours شيمةa character trait شمّاءlofty
سترته منا شيمة شمّاء
And any hidden malice of heart that appears to us
However much wickedness appears in his character,
Is veiled by a lofty trait of ours.
We veil it to maintain dignified discretion.
لاnot نستحيلwe turn away عنfrom الاحبةloved ones إنif جفواthey grow cold
لا نستحيل عن الاحبة إن جفوا
وطوواand they fold up قلوباhearts حشوهاwhose filling is الشحناءenmity
وطووا قلوبا حشوها الشحناء
We do not turn away from loved ones if they grow cold
We do not abandon loved ones if they spurn us
And fold up hearts filled with enmity.
And cram their hearts with meanness.
ونذلand we humble ourselves متضعينbowing low حيثwhere تكَبّرواthey grow proud
ونذل متضعين حيث تكَبّروا
حتىuntil كأنهمas though they همthey themselves الامراءthe princes
حتى كأنهم هم الامراء
And we humble ourselves, bowing low, where they grow proud,
And we humble ourselves where they grew arrogant,
Until it is as though they themselves were the princes.
As if they were the princes.
بمكارمwith noble qualities of الاخلاقcharacter انif غدرواthey betray نداwe deal gently— (start of نداريهم)
بمكارم الاخلاق ان غدروا ندا
ريهم—with them (completion of نداريهم) وبالاحسانand with kindness حيثwhere أساؤواthey do wrong
ريهم وبالاحسان حيث أساؤوا
With noble character, if they betray us, we deal gently
With noble morals, if they betray we befriend them,
With them, and with kindness whenever they do wrong.
And return good where they did evil.
إناindeed we بنيsons of ديمانDaymān إنif ذكرis mentioned العلىhigh distinction
إنا بني ديمان إن ذكر العلى
نذكرwe are mentioned وانand if ذكرis mentioned الخناobscenity برءاءinnocent of it
نذكر وان ذكر الخنا برءاء
We, the sons of Daymān, if high distinction is mentioned,
We tribe of Di'man, when the virtuous are recalled,
Are mentioned; and if obscenity is mentioned, we are innocent of it.
We recall them, and when the wicked are recalled, we disavow.
فيناamong us بمنّةby the grace of ربناour Lord الصلحاءthe righteous والعقـand the intel-
فينا بمنّة ربنا الصلحاء والعقـ
ـلاء-ligent (completion of العقلاء) والعلماءand the scholars والحكماءand the sages
ـلاء والعلماء والحكماء
Among us, by our Lord's grace, are the righteous and
Through the grace of our Lord we have reconciliation,
The intelligent, the scholars, and the sages.
Wisdom, knowledge, and judgment.
فيناamong us بمنby the favor of الواسعthe All-Bountiful الصفواءthe pure-hearted والزهـand the asce-
فينا بمن الواسع الصفواء والزهـ
ـداء-tics (completion of الزهداء) والتقواءand the pious والنقواءand the undefiled
ـداء والتقواء والنقواء
Among us, by the All-Bountiful One's favor, are the pure-hearted and
Through the vastness of His pure grace, asceticism,
The ascetics, the pious, and the undefiled.
Godliness, integrity, and excellence.
فيناamong us بمنby the favor of المالكthe Sovereign الفضلاءthe virtuous والنـand the up-
فينا بمن المالك الفضلاء والنـ
ـزهاء-right (completion of النزهاء) والظرفاءُand the refined والنبلاءand the noble
ـزهاء والظرفاءُ والنبلاء
Among us, by the Sovereign's favor, are the virtuous and
Through the bounty of the Noble Generous Ones, detachment,
The upright, the refined, and the noble.
Decorum, nobility, and honor.
Sol 6.1