بحرُthe sea الفصاحةِof eloquence غاضَhas receded ياO إخوانيmy brothers
بحرُ الفصاحةِ غاضَ يا إخواني
وأخوand the brother الإبانةof clear expression لفَّwas wrapped فيin الأكفانِthe shrouds
وأخو الإبانة لفَّ في الأكفانِ
The sea of eloquence has receded, O my brothers,
The sea of eloquence has withdrawn, O my brothers
And the brother of clear expression was wrapped in shrouds.
And the brother of clarity has been shrouded in wrappings
جبلٌa mountain منamong الأجبالthe mountains أضحْىَhas become ساقطاًfallen
جبلٌ من الأجبال أضحْىَ ساقطاً
متهدمَcollapsed الأرجاءَthe sides والأركانِand the pillars
متهدمَ الأرجاءَ والأركانِ
A mountain among mountains has fallen,
A mountain among mountains has fallen down
With its sides and pillars collapsed.
Its corners and pillars demolished
كلاno indeed هوhe البحرُthe sea الغزيرُthe abundant عَنَتbowed لهto him
كلا هو البحرُ الغزيرُ عَنَت له
فصحاءthe eloquent هذاthis الدهرِage بالإذْعَانِin submission
فصحاء هذا الدهرِ بالإذْعَانِ
No! He is the abundant sea, to whom bowed
It is not the abundant sea that has shrunk away from it
The eloquent of this age in submission.
But the eloquence of this age has submitted to it in obedience
لاnot زالَceased مفتاحاًa key لكلِّto every غريبةobscure expression
لا زالَ مفتاحاً لكلِّ غريبة
تُتْلىrecited منfrom الآثارِthe transmitted traditions والقرآنand the Qur'an
تُتْلى من الآثارِ والقرآن
He never ceased to be a key to every obscure expression
It still remains a key to every strange and subtle point
Recited from the traditions and the Qur'an.
Recited from relics and the Quran
ولقدand indeed شغلتَyou occupied عيونَناour eyes وقلوبناand our hearts
ولقد شغلتَ عيونَنا وقلوبنا
مُذْsince هِمتَyou wandered بالهمَلانِwith streaming tears والخفقَانِand throbbing
مُذْ هِمتَ بالهمَلانِ والخفقَانِ
Indeed, you have occupied our eyes and hearts,
You certainly preoccupied our eyes and hearts
Since you wandered away—with tears streaming and hearts throbbing.
Since you fell ill and trembled
وعمرتَand you filled أفئدةَthe hearts الرجالof men وأهلهاand their inhabitants
وعمرتَ أفئدةَ الرجال وأهلها
بالهمwith worry والأوصابand ailments والأحزانِand sorrows
بالهم والأوصاب والأحزانِ
And you filled men's hearts and those dwelling in them
And you filled the hearts of men and their households
With worry, ailments, and sorrows.
With worries, sorrows, and griefs
ولقدand indeed نزلتَyou descended بمنزلٍinto a dwelling فرداًalone بهin it
ولقد نزلتَ بمنزلٍ فرداً به
معwith جيرةneighbors متقاربيclose to one another الأوطانin dwelling places
مع جيرة متقاربي الأوطان
And indeed, you descended into a dwelling, alone in it,
And you descended to dwell in a house alone
With neighbors whose homes lie close together.
With neighbors of adjacent dwelling places
لوif يعلمونthey knew بأنthat شخصكyour person عندهمamong them
لو يعلمون بأن شخصك عندهم
فرحواthey would rejoice بماin what تحويهyou contain it منof تِبيانِclear exposition
فرحوا بما تحويه من تِبيانِ
If they knew that your person was among them,
If only they had known that your person was among them
They would rejoice in the clear exposition you contain.
They would have rejoiced at the elucidation you contain
عجباًhow wondrous لقبرat a grave يحتويكthat contains you بلحدِهin its burial niche
عجباً لقبر يحتويك بلحدِه
ويضيقهِand narrows it وبصدرِكَwhile in your breast البحرانِthe two seas
ويضيقهِ وبصدرِكَ البحرانِ
How wondrous, a grave enclosing you in its burial niche,
How remarkable, a grave containing you in its enclosure
And narrowing it, though your breast holds the two seas!
While it is too narrow for your expansive chest
أبكىmade weep فراقُكyour departure كلَّevery حبرٍscholar عالمٍlearned
أبكى فراقُك كلَّ حبرٍ عالمٍ
منamong جملةٍthe company الزهّادِof ascetics والرَّهْبانِand monks
من جملةٍ الزهّادِ والرَّهْبانِ
Your departure made every learned scholar weep,
Your separation makes every knowledgeable scholar weep
Among the company of ascetics and monks.
Among the ranks of the ascetics and monks
منfrom حيثُwhere إنَّكindeed you للفصاحةِfor eloquence مَعْدِنa mine
من حيثُ إنَّك للفصاحةِ مَعْدِن
وملخِّصand an elucidator لغرائبِof the obscurities الفرقانof the Furqan (Qur'an)
وملخِّص لغرائبِ الفرقان
For you are a mine of eloquence,
Because you are the mine of eloquence
And an elucidator of the Furqan's obscure passages.
And essence of the wonders of the Criterion
وغدَاand became محيّاthe face العلمِof learning أعمىblind بعدماafter
وغدَا محيّا العلمِ أعمى بعدما
قدindeed كانَthere had been تحتbeneath جبينهits forehead عينانِtwo eyes
قد كانَ تحت جبينه عينانِ
And the face of learning has become blind, after
And the light of knowledge is now blinded with your loss
Two eyes had once lain beneath its forehead.
After it had two eyes beneath its brow
وصممُand deafness علمِof the science النحوof grammar أصبحَbecame ذاوياًwithered
وصممُ علمِ النحو أصبحَ ذاوياً
بعدafter اخضرارِthe greening العودِof the stem والأغْصانِand the branches
بعد اخضرارِ العودِ والأغْصانِ
And the deafness of grammatical learning has withered,
And the science of grammar has become confused
After its stem and branches had been green.
After the flourishing of its wood and branches
يَاO نَازلاًone who descended بعدafter التنعمِcomfort والغنىand wealth
يَا نَازلاً بعد التنعمِ والغنى
فيinto برزَخٍan intermediate realm ماnot عندهbeside him منany ثانِother
في برزَخٍ ما عنده من ثانِ
O you who descended, after comfort and wealth,
O you who came down from comfort and wealth
Into an intermediate realm without a companion.
To an isthmus that has no second side
منfrom قبلbefore كنتyou were منعماًblessed بلذاذةِwith pleasure
من قبل كنت منعماً بلذاذةِ
معwith رتبةstanding الأصحابِamong companions والخلانِand close friends
مع رتبة الأصحابِ والخلانِ
Previously, you were blessed with pleasure,
Before, you enjoyed the bliss
With standing among companions and close friends.
With the rank of the righteous and caliphs
هلcan بعدكafter you الدنياthe world تطيبbe sweet لهمْto them وهمwhile they
هل بعدك الدنيا تطيب لهمْ وهم
كالرأسِlike a head أحياءٌalive بغيرِwithout لسانِa tongue
كالرأسِ أحياءٌ بغيرِ لسانِ
Can the world be sweet to them after you, while they are
After you, can the world be sweet for them
Alive like a head without a tongue?
When they are like a living head without a tongue?
لوif يقبلُaccepted الموتdeath الفداءَransom فدوْكthey would ransom you
لو يقبلُ الموت الفداءَ فدوْك
بالأموالِwith wealth والأولادِand children والوِلْدَانِand young boys
بالأموالِ والأولادِ والوِلْدَانِ
If death accepted ransom, they would ransom you
If death would accept ransom, they would ransom you
With wealth, children, and young boys.
With wealth, children, and youths
ياO غائبَabsent الجثمانِthe body ذكركyour memory حاضرٌis present
يا غائبَ الجثمانِ ذكرك حاضرٌ
منfrom سابقٍearlier times فيthrough أعصرِthe ages الأزْمانِof time
من سابقٍ في أعصرِ الأزْمانِ
O you whose body is absent, your memory is present,
O you absent in body, your memory is present
From times past, throughout the ages.
Among the predecessors of epochs of time
هلْis there منany فصيحeloquent person فيamong الورىhumankind كمحمدٍlike Muhammad
هلْ من فصيح في الورى كمحمدٍ
نسلِoffspring الصفىّof al-Safi ابنson الفتىof the young man عمرانِImran
نسلِ الصفىّ ابن الفتى عمرانِ
Is there anyone eloquent among humankind like Muhammad,
Is there one eloquent in the world like Muhammad
Offspring of al-Safi, son of the young man Imran?
The progeny of As-Saffah son of Imran?
هجمتcharged عليهupon him الحادثاتcalamities بكلكلwith a breast
هجمت عليه الحادثات بكلكل
فطواهso it folded him away صرفُthe turns حوادِثِof events المَلَوانِof night and day
فطواه صرفُ حوادِثِ المَلَوانِ
Calamities charged upon him with their breast,
Misfortunes assailed him constantly
So the shifting events of night and day folded him away.
So the changes of time have destroyed him
إنّindeed المنيَّةَdeath لاnot تردّis repelled إذاwhen أَتَتْit comes
إنّ المنيَّةَ لا تردّ إذا أَتَتْ
مأمورةًcommanded مِنْby ربناour Lord المنَّانِthe Bountiful Giver
مأمورةً مِنْ ربنا المنَّانِ
Death cannot be repelled when it comes,
Indeed death does not turn back when it comes
Commanded by our Lord, the Bountiful Giver.
Sent from our Lord the Bestower of Favors
إخوانناour brothers ىunclear token; apparently 'do not' تحزنواgrieve واستَمسِكواand hold fast
إخواننا ى تحزنوا واستَمسِكوا
وتوثَّقُواand secure yourselves بِعُرىto the bonds عظيمِof the Great One الشانِin majesty
وتوثَّقُوا بِعُرى عظيمِ الشانِ
Our brothers, do not grieve, and hold fast,
O brothers, do not grieve, persevere
And secure yourselves to the bonds of the One of great majesty.
And hold firmly to the cord of the Mighty
صبراًpatience فإنfor indeed اللهَGod جلَّexalted is جلالهُHis majesty
صبراً فإن اللهَ جلَّ جلالهُ
قدindeed قالَhas said أجمعُall منwho عليهاare upon it فانِshall perish
قد قالَ أجمعُ من عليها فانِ
Patience! For God—exalted is His majesty—
Have patience, for Allah, Majestic is His Majesty
Has said: all who are upon it shall perish.
Has said, "Upon it (i.e. the earth) are those who will perish"
حقّاًtruly ويبقَىand remains وجهthe face ربكof your Lord ذُوpossessed of العلىexaltedness
حقّاً ويبقَى وجه ربك ذُو العلى
والطولِand bounty والآلاءand blessings والإحسانِand beneficence
والطولِ والآلاء والإحسانِ
Truly, your Lord's face remains, possessed of exaltedness,
Truthfully the Face of your Lord, Full of Majesty
And bounty, blessings, and beneficence.
And Highness, Favors, and Kindness, remains
إناindeed we خلقناwere created للتصبرِfor patient endurance والأسَىand sorrow
إنا خلقنا للتصبرِ والأسَى
والنوحُand wailing والأحزانُand grief للنِّسْوَانِare for women
والنوحُ والأحزانُ للنِّسْوَانِ
We were indeed created for patient endurance and sorrow,
We were created for patience and sorrow
While wailing and grief are for women.
While crying and grief is for women
أعداءَناour enemies لاdo not تشمتواgloat بمصابِناover our calamity
أعداءَنا لا تشمتوا بمصابِنا
فالموتfor death موردa watering place جملةِfor all القُطَّانِinhabitants
فالموت مورد جملةِ القُطَّانِ
Our enemies, do not gloat over our calamity,
O enemies, do not gloat at our affliction
For death is the watering place of all inhabitants.
For death is the fate of all creatures
إناindeed we لنلهوsurely amuse ourselves والمناياwhile deaths شُرَّعٌare poised
إنا لنلهو والمنايا شُرَّعٌ
لاno بدَّescape تأتيناthey come to us علىin الغَفَلانِheedlessness
لا بدَّ تأتينا على الغَفَلانِ
We do indeed make merry while deaths stand poised;
We may play and forget, while death is ordained
They must surely come upon us while we are heedless.
It will come upon us unexpectedly
إنif كنتَyou are ذاpossessed of عقلِreason فلاthen do not تنسَforget المُنَىhopes
إن كنتَ ذا عقلِ فلا تنسَ المُنَى
واذكرand remember فراقَseparation from الأهلِfamily والسكَّانِand fellow dwellers
واذكر فراقَ الأهلِ والسكَّانِ
If you possess reason, do not forget your hopes,
If you have intellect, then do not forget death
And remember parting from family and fellow dwellers.
And remember the separation from family and neighbors
واتركْand abandon هواكَyour desire فإنfor indeed عمركَyour lifespan منقضٍis ending
واتركْ هواكَ فإن عمركَ منقضٍ
وترقبنَّand surely watch لحادثِfor a calamity الحدَثانِof time's vicissitudes
وترقبنَّ لحادثِ الحدَثانِ
Abandon your desire, for your life is coming to an end,
And leave your desires, for your life is ending
And keep watch for the calamity of passing time,
And anticipate the occurrence of events
منfrom قبلِbefore أنُthat يلقوكَthey cast you فيinto بيتِthe house البلىof decay
من قبلِ أنُ يلقوكَ في بيتِ البلى
فيin برزخِthe intermediate realm الأهوالِof terrors والديدانِand worms
في برزخِ الأهوالِ والديدانِ
Before they cast you into the house of decay,
Before you are laid in the house of annihilation
Into the intermediate realm of terrors and worms.
In the intermediate realm of terrors and worms
ماذاwhat تقولُwill you say إذاwhen حللتَyou settle بِبَلْقَعٍin a barren waste
ماذا تقولُ إذا حللتَ بِبَلْقَعٍ
فرداًalone بهin it إماwhen أتىcome المَلَكانِthe two angels
فرداً به إما أتى المَلَكانِ
What will you say when you settle in a barren waste,
What will you say when you are laid in the grave
Alone there, when the two angels come?
Alone, and the two angels come to you?
وهماand they two النكيرُNakir ومنكرٌand Munkar حتىuntil إذاwhen
وهما النكيرُ ومنكرٌ حتى إذا
ماemphatic particle أقصداكthey both make for you وأقبَلاand they both approach يَسَلاَنِthey both ask
ما أقصداك وأقبَلا يَسَلاَنِ
They are Nakir and Munkar; when at last
The Questioner and the Denier, until they turn to you
They seek you out and draw near, asking:
And approach you and begin to question you
إنif كنتَyou are منamong أهلthe people السعادةof blessedness بُشْراglad tidings (word continues)
إن كنتَ من أهل السعادة بُشْرا
كyour (attached suffix) برحمةٍof mercy ومسرةٍand joy وجنانِand gardens of Paradise
ك برحمةٍ ومسرةٍ وجنانِ
If you are among the blessed, glad tidings
If you are among the people of happiness, glad tidings
Are yours of mercy, joy, and gardens,
Awaits you, of mercy, bliss, and gardens
وبراحةٍand of rest ولذاذةand delight وحلاوةٍand sweetness
وبراحةٍ ولذاذة وحلاوةٍ
وبرأفةand of compassion منfrom ربناour Lord وأمانِand safety
وبرأفة من ربنا وأمانِ
And rest, delight, and sweetness,
And comfort, pleasure, sweetness
And compassion from our Lord, and safety.
And kindness from our Lord and safety
أوor كنتَyou are منamong أهلِthe people الشقاوةof wretchedness بشglad tidings (word fragment)
أو كنتَ من أهلِ الشقاوة بش
راكcompletion of 'your glad tidings' بغصةof choking grief ومذلةٍand humiliation وهَوانِand abasement
راك بغصة ومذلةٍ وهَوانِ
Or if you are among the wretched, glad tidings
But if you are among the wretched, beware
Are yours of choking grief, humiliation, and abasement,
Of anguish, disgrace, and humiliation
وبِكُرْبةٍand of distress وبحسرةٍand of anguish وندامةٍand remorse
وبِكُرْبةٍ وبحسرةٍ وندامةٍ
وإقامةٍand abiding فيin جَاحِمِthe blaze النَّيرانِof fires
وإقامةٍ في جَاحِمِ النَّيرانِ
And distress, anguish, and remorse,
And of regret, remorse, and lamenting
And abiding in the blaze of fires.
And abiding in the blazing Fire
ثمthen الصلاةُblessings علىupon النبيِّthe Prophet محمدٍMuhammad
ثم الصلاةُ على النبيِّ محمدٍ
خيرِthe best الورَىof humankind المبعوثِthe one sent مِنْfrom عَدْنَانِAdnan
خيرِ الورَى المبعوثِ مِنْ عَدْنَانِ
Then blessings upon the Prophet Muhammad,
Then send prayers upon the Prophet Muhammad
The best of humankind, sent forth from Adnan's line.
The best of creation, sent from ‘Adnan
صلّىmay He send blessings عليهupon him ماas long as وسقَgathers الدُّجَىthe darkness
صلّى عليه ما وسقَ الدُّجَى
أوor لاحَgleams فيin خضرائهاits green expanse القَمرَانِthe two luminaries (sun and moon)
أو لاحَ في خضرائها القَمرَانِ
May He bless him as long as darkness gathers,
Send prayers upon him for as long as
Or the two luminaries gleam in its green expanse.
The dew drops glisten or the moon shines
Sol 6.1